Matroska Media Container Format Specifications
Internet-Draft draft-ietf-cellar-matroska-13
Steve Lhomme
slhomme@matroska.org
Moritz Bunkus
moritz@bunkus.org
Dave Rice
dave@dericed.com
28 August 2022
art
CELLAR Group
binary
storage
matroska
ebml
webm
This document defines the Matroska audiovisual container, including definitions of its structural elements, as well as its terminology, vocabulary, and application.
Introduction
Matroska is a multimedia container format. It was derived from a project called [MCF], but differentiates from it significantly because it is based on EBML (Extensible Binary Meta Language) [RFC8794], a binary derivative of XML. EBML enables significant advantages in terms of future format extensibility, without breaking file support in old parsers.
First, it is essential to clarify exactly "What an Audio/Video container is", to avoid any misunderstandings:
- It is NOT a video or audio compression format (codec)
- It is an envelope for which there can be many audio, video, and subtitles streams, allowing the user to store a complete movie or CD in a single file.
Matroska is designed with the future in mind. It incorporates features like:
- Fast seeking in the file
- Chapter entries
- Full metadata (tags) support
- Selectable subtitle/audio/video streams
- Modularly expandable
- Error resilience (can recover playback even when the stream is damaged)
- Streamable over the internet and local networks (HTTP, CIFS, FTP, etc)
- Menus (like DVDs have [DVD-Video])
Matroska is an open standards project published as an IETF Standard Track RFC. As per the terms of BCP 78 [RFC5378], the technical specifications describing the bitstream are open to everybody. This specification falls under the terms of BCP 79 [RFC8179] with respect to IPR claims. While there are patent claims associated with some codecs that can be contained within a Matroska container, the container itself is free of all such claims.
Status of this document
This document is a work-in-progress specification defining the Matroska file format as part of the IETF Cellar working group. But since it's quite complete it is used as a reference for the development of libmatroska.
This document covers Matroska versions 1, 2, 3 and 4. Matroska v4 is the current version. Matroska 1 to 3 are no longer maintained. No new elements are expected in files with version numbers 1, 2, or 3.
Notation and Conventions
The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "NOT RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in BCP 14 [RFC2119] [RFC8174] when, and only when, they appear in all capitals, as shown here.
This document defines specific terms in order to define the format and application of Matroska. Specific terms are defined below:
Matroska:
A multimedia container format based on EBML (Extensible Binary Meta Language).
Matroska Reader:
A data parser that interprets the semantics of a Matroska document and creates a way for programs to use Matroska.
Matroska Player:
A Matroska Reader with a primary purpose of playing audiovisual files, including Matroska documents.
Matroska Overview
Principles
Matroska is a Document Type of EBML (Extensible Binary Meta Language). This specification is dependent on the EBML Specification [RFC8794]. For an understanding of Matroska's EBML Schema, see in particular the sections of the EBML Specification covering EBML Element Types (Section 7), EBML Schema (Section 11.1), and EBML Structure (Section 3).
Added EBML Constraints
As an EBML Document Type, Matroska adds the following constraints to the EBML specification.
- The docType of the EBML Header MUST be "matroska".
- The EBMLMaxIDLength of the EBML Header MUST be "4".
- The EBMLMaxSizeLength of the EBML Header MUST be between "1" and "8" inclusive.
Design Rules
The Root Element and all Top-Levels Elements use 4 octets for their EBML Element ID -- i.e. Segment and direct children of Segment.
Legacy EBML/Matroska parsers did not handle Empty Elements properly, elements present in the file but with a length of zero. They always assumed the value was 0 for integers/dates and 0x0p+0 for floats, no matter the default value of the element which should have been used instead. Therefore Matroska writers MUST NOT use EBML Empty Elements, if the element has a default value that is not 0 for integers/dates and 0x0p+0 for floats.
When adding new elements to Matroska, these rules MUST be followed:
- A non-mandatory integer/date Element MUST NOT have a default value other than 0.
- A non-mandatory float Element MUST NOT have a default value other than 0x0p+0.
- A non-mandatory string Element MUST NOT have a default value, as empty string cannot be defined in the XML Schema.
Data Layout
A Matroska file MUST be composed of at least one EBML Document using the Matroska Document Type. Each EBML Document MUST start with an EBML Header and MUST be followed by the EBML Root Element, defined as Segment in Matroska. Matroska defines several Top Level Elements which MAY occur within the Segment.
As an example, a simple Matroska file consisting of a single EBML Document could be represented like this:
- EBML Header
- Segment
A more complex Matroska file consisting of an EBML Stream (consisting of two EBML Documents) could be represented like this:
- EBML Header
- Segment
- EBML Header
- Segment
The following diagram represents a simple Matroska file, comprised of an EBML Document with an EBML Header, a Segment Element (the Root Element), and all eight Matroska Top Level Elements. In the following diagrams of this section, horizontal spacing expresses a parent-child relationship between Matroska Elements (e.g., the Info Element is contained within the Segment Element) whereas vertical alignment represents the storage order within the file.
Basic layout of a Matroska file.
+-------------+
| EBML Header |
+---------------------------+
| Segment     | SeekHead    |
|             |-------------|
|             | Info        |
|             |-------------|
|             | Tracks      |
|             |-------------|
|             | Chapters    |
|             |-------------|
|             | Cluster     |
|             |-------------|
|             | Cues        |
|             |-------------|
|             | Attachments |
|             |-------------|
|             | Tags        |
+---------------------------+

The Matroska EBML Schema defines eight Top Level Elements:
- SeekHead
(
Section 6.3
),
- Info
(
Section 6.5
),
- Tracks
(
Section 17
),
- Chapters
(
Section 19
),
- Cluster
(
Section 10
),
- Cues
(
Section 21
),
- Attachments
(
Section 20
),
- and Tags (Section 6.8).
The SeekHead Element (also known as MetaSeek) contains an index of Top Level Elements locations within the Segment. Use of the SeekHead Element is RECOMMENDED. Without a SeekHead Element, a Matroska parser would have to search the entire file to find all of the other Top Level Elements. This is due to Matroska's flexible ordering requirements; for instance, it is acceptable for the Chapters Element to be stored after the Cluster Elements.
Representation of a SeekHead Element.
+--------------------------------+
| SeekHead | Seek | SeekID       |
|          |      |--------------|
|          |      | SeekPosition |
+--------------------------------+

The Info Element contains vital information for identifying the whole Segment. This includes the title for the Segment, a randomly generated unique identifier, and the unique identifier(s) of any linked Segment Elements.
Representation of an Info Element and its Child Elements.
+-------------------------+
| Info | SegmentUUID      |
|      |------------------|
|      | SegmentFilename  |
|      |------------------|
|      | PrevUUID         |
|      |------------------|
|      | PrevFilename     |
|      |------------------|
|      | NextUUID         |
|      |------------------|
|      | NextFilename     |
|      |------------------|
|      | SegmentFamily    |
|      |------------------|
|      | ChapterTranslate |
|      |------------------|
|      | TimestampScale   |
|      |------------------|
|      | Duration         |
|      |------------------|
|      | DateUTC          |
|      |------------------|
|      | Title            |
|      |------------------|
|      | MuxingApp        |
|      |------------------|
|      | WritingApp       |
|-------------------------|

The Tracks Element defines the technical details for each track and can store the name, number, unique identifier, language, and type (audio, video, subtitles, etc.) of each track. For example, the Tracks Element MAY store information about the resolution of a video track or sample rate of an audio track.
The Tracks Element MUST identify all the data needed by the codec to decode the data of the specified track. However, the data required is contingent on the codec used for the track. For example, a Track Element for uncompressed audio only requires the audio bit rate to be present. A codec such as AC-3 would require that the CodecID Element be present for all tracks, as it is the primary way to identify which codec to use to decode the track.
Representation of the Tracks Element and a selection of its Descendant Elements.
+------------------------------------+
| Tracks | TrackEntry | TrackNumber  |
|        |            |--------------|
|        |            | TrackUID     |
|        |            |--------------|
|        |            | TrackType    |
|        |            |--------------|
|        |            | Name         |
|        |            |--------------|
|        |            | Language     |
|        |            |--------------|
|        |            | CodecID      |
|        |            |--------------|
|        |            | CodecPrivate |
|        |            |--------------|
|        |            | CodecName    |
|        |            |----------------------------------+
|        |            | Video        | FlagInterlaced    |
|        |            |              |-------------------|
|        |            |              | FieldOrder        |
|        |            |              |-------------------|
|        |            |              | StereoMode        |
|        |            |              |-------------------|
|        |            |              | AlphaMode         |
|        |            |              |-------------------|
|        |            |              | PixelWidth        |
|        |            |              |-------------------|
|        |            |              | PixelHeight       |
|        |            |              |-------------------|
|        |            |              | DisplayWidth      |
|        |            |              |-------------------|
|        |            |              | DisplayHeight     |
|        |            |              |-------------------|
|        |            |              | AspectRatioType   |
|        |            |              |-------------------|
|        |            |              | Color             |
|        |            |----------------------------------|
|        |            | Audio        | SamplingFrequency |
|        |            |              |-------------------|
|        |            |              | Channels          |
|        |            |              |-------------------|
|        |            |              | BitDepth          |
|--------------------------------------------------------|

The Chapters Element lists all of the chapters. Chapters are a way to set predefined points to jump to in video or audio.
Representation of the Chapters Element and a selection of its Descendant Elements.
+-----------------------------------------+
| Chapters | Edition | EditionUID         |
|          | Entry   |--------------------|
|          |         | EditionFlagDefault |
|          |         |--------------------|
|          |         | EditionFlagOrdered |
|          |         |---------------------------------+
|          |         | ChapterAtom | ChapterUID        |
|          |         |             |-------------------|
|          |         |             | ChapterStringUID  |
|          |         |             |-------------------|
|          |         |             | ChapterTimeStart  |
|          |         |             |-------------------|
|          |         |             | ChapterTimeEnd    |
|          |         |             |-------------------|
|          |         |             | ChapterFlagHidden |
|          |         |             |-------------------------------+
|          |         |             | ChapterDisplay | ChapString   |
|          |         |             |                |--------------|
|          |         |             |                | ChapLanguage |
+------------------------------------------------------------------+

Cluster Elements contain the content for each track, e.g., video frames. A Matroska file SHOULD contain at least one Cluster Element. The Cluster Element helps to break up SimpleBlock or BlockGroup Elements and helps with seeking and error protection. Every Cluster Element MUST contain a Timestamp Element. This SHOULD be the Timestamp Element used to play the first Block in the Cluster Element. Cluster Elements contain one or more block element, such as BlockGroup or SimpleBlock elements. In some situation, a Cluster Element MAY contain no block element, for example in a live recording when no data has been collected.
A BlockGroup Element MAY contain a Block of data and any information relating directly to that Block.
Representation of a Cluster Element and its immediate Child Elements.
+--------------------------+
| Cluster | Timestamp      |
|         |----------------|
|         | SilentTracks   |
|         |----------------|
|         | Position       |
|         |----------------|
|         | PrevSize       |
|         |----------------|
|         | SimpleBlock    |
|         |----------------|
|         | BlockGroup     |
+--------------------------+

Representation of the Block Element structure.
+----------------------------------+
| Block | Portion of | Data Type   |
|       | a Block    |  - Bit Flag |
|       |--------------------------+
|       | Header     | TrackNumber |
|       |            |-------------|
|       |            | Timestamp   |
|       |            |-------------|
|       |            | Flags       |
|       |            |  - Gap      |
|       |            |  - Lacing   |
|       |            |  - Reserved |
|       |--------------------------|
|       | Optional   | FrameSize   |
|       |--------------------------|
|       | Data       | Frame       |
+----------------------------------+

Each Cluster MUST contain exactly one Timestamp Element. The Timestamp Element value MUST be stored once per Cluster. The Timestamp Element in the Cluster is relative to the entire Segment. The Timestamp Element SHOULD be the first Element in the Cluster it belongs to, or the second if that Cluster contains a CRC-32 element (Section 6.2)
Additionally, the Block contains an offset that, when added to the Cluster's Timestamp Element value, yields the Block's effective timestamp. Therefore, timestamp in the Block itself is relative to the Timestamp Element in the Cluster. For example, if the Timestamp Element in the Cluster is set to 10 seconds and a Block in that Cluster is supposed to be played 12 seconds into the clip, the timestamp in the Block would be set to 2 seconds.
The ReferenceBlock in the BlockGroup is used instead of the basic "P-frame"/"B-frame" description. Instead of simply saying that this Block depends on the Block directly before, or directly afterwards, the Timestamp of the necessary Block is used. Because there can be as many ReferenceBlock Elements as necessary for a Block, it allows for some extremely complex referencing.
The Cues Element is used to seek when playing back a file by providing a temporal index for some of the Tracks. It is similar to the SeekHead Element, but used for seeking to a specific time when playing back the file. It is possible to seek without this element, but it is much more difficult because a Matroska Reader would have to 'hunt and peck' through the file looking for the correct timestamp.
The Cues Element SHOULD contain at least one CuePoint Element. Each CuePoint Element stores the position of the Cluster that contains the BlockGroup or SimpleBlock Element. The timestamp is stored in the CueTime Element and location is stored in the CueTrackPositions Element.
The Cues Element is flexible. For instance, Cues Element can be used to index every single timestamp of every Block or they can be indexed selectively.
Representation of a Cues Element and two levels of its Descendant Elements.
+-------------------------------------+
| Cues | CuePoint | CueTime           |
|      |          |-------------------|
|      |          | CueTrackPositions |
|      |------------------------------|
|      | CuePoint | CueTime           |
|      |          |-------------------|
|      |          | CueTrackPositions |
+-------------------------------------+

The Attachments Element is for attaching files to a Matroska file such as pictures, fonts, webpages, etc.
Representation of a Attachments Element.
+------------------------------------------------+
| Attachments | AttachedFile | FileDescription   |
|             |              |-------------------|
|             |              | FileName          |
|             |              |-------------------|
|             |              | FileMediaType     |
|             |              |-------------------|
|             |              | FileData          |
|             |              |-------------------|
|             |              | FileUID           |
|             |              |-------------------|
|             |              | FileName          |
|             |              |-------------------|
|             |              | FileReferral      |
|             |              |-------------------|
|             |              | FileUsedStartTime |
|             |              |-------------------|
|             |              | FileUsedEndTime   |
+------------------------------------------------+

The Tags Element contains metadata that describes the Segment and potentially its Tracks, Chapters, and Attachments. Each Track or Chapter that those tags applies to has its UID listed in the Tags. The Tags contain all extra information about the file: scriptwriter, singer, actors, directors, titles, edition, price, dates, genre, comments, etc. Tags can contain their values in multiple languages. For example, a movie's "title" Tag might contain both the original English title as well as the title it was released as in Germany.
Representation of a Tags Element and three levels of its Children Elements.
+-------------------------------------------+
| Tags | Tag | Targets   | TargetTypeValue  |
|      |     |           |------------------|
|      |     |           | TargetType       |
|      |     |           |------------------|
|      |     |           | TagTrackUID      |
|      |     |           |------------------|
|      |     |           | TagEditionUID    |
|      |     |           |------------------|
|      |     |           | TagChapterUID    |
|      |     |           |------------------|
|      |     |           | TagAttachmentUID |
|      |     |------------------------------|
|      |     | SimpleTag | TagName          |
|      |     |           |------------------|
|      |     |           | TagLanguage      |
|      |     |           |------------------|
|      |     |           | TagDefault       |
|      |     |           |------------------|
|      |     |           | TagString        |
|      |     |           |------------------|
|      |     |           | TagBinary        |
|      |     |           |------------------|
|      |     |           | SimpleTag        |
+-------------------------------------------+

Matroska Schema
This specification includes an EBML Schema, which defines the Elements and structure of Matroska as an EBML Document Type. The EBML Schema defines every valid Matroska element in a manner defined by the EBML specification.
Here the definition of each Matroska Element is provided.
Segment Element
id / type:
0x18538067 / master
unknownsizeallowed: True
path:
\Segment
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
1 / 1
definition:
The Root Element that contains all other Top-Level Elements; see Section 4.4.
SeekHead Element
id / type:
0x114D9B74 / master
path:
\Segment\SeekHead
maxOccurs:
2
definition:
Contains seeking information of Top-Level Elements; see Section 4.4.
Seek Element
id / type:
0x4DBB / master
path:
\Segment\SeekHead\Seek
minOccurs:
1
definition:
Contains a single seek entry to an EBML Element.
SeekID Element
id / type:
0x53AB / binary
length:
<= 4
path:
\Segment\SeekHead\Seek\SeekID
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
1 / 1
definition:
The binary EBML ID of a Top-Level Element.
SeekPosition Element
id / type:
0x53AC / uinteger
path:
\Segment\SeekHead\Seek\SeekPosition
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
1 / 1
definition:
The Segment Position (Section 15) of a Top-Level Element.
Info Element
id / type:
0x1549A966 / master
path:
\Segment\Info
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
1 / 1
recurring: True
definition:
Contains general information about the Segment.
SegmentUUID Element
id / type:
0x73A4 / binary
length:
16
range:
not 0
path:
\Segment\Info\SegmentUUID
maxOccurs:
1
definition:
A randomly generated unique ID to identify the Segment amongst many others (128 bits). It is effectively a Universally Unique IDentifier stored in binary form [RFC4122].
usage notes:
If the Segment is a part of a Linked Segment, then this Element is REQUIRED.
SegmentFilename Element
id / type:
0x7384 / utf-8
path:
\Segment\Info\SegmentFilename
maxOccurs:
1
definition:
A filename corresponding to this Segment.
PrevUUID Element
id / type:
0x3CB923 / binary
length:
16
path:
\Segment\Info\PrevUUID
maxOccurs:
1
definition:
A unique ID to identify the previous Segment of a Linked Segment (128 bits). Like the SegmentUUID, it is a Universally Unique IDentifier stored in binary form [RFC4122].
usage notes:
If the Segment is a part of a Linked Segment that uses Hard Linking (Section 16.1), then either the PrevUUID or the NextUUID Element is REQUIRED. If a Segment contains a PrevUUID but not a NextUUID, then it MAY be considered as the last Segment of the Linked Segment. The PrevUUID MUST NOT be equal to the SegmentUUID.
PrevFilename Element
id / type:
0x3C83AB / utf-8
path:
\Segment\Info\PrevFilename
maxOccurs:
1
definition:
A filename corresponding to the file of the previous Linked Segment.
usage notes:
Provision of the previous filename is for display convenience, but PrevUUID SHOULD be considered authoritative for identifying the previous Segment in a Linked Segment.
NextUUID Element
id / type:
0x3EB923 / binary
length:
16
path:
\Segment\Info\NextUUID
maxOccurs:
1
definition:
A unique ID to identify the next Segment of a Linked Segment (128 bits). Like the SegmentUUID, it is a Universally Unique IDentifier stored in binary form [RFC4122].
usage notes:
If the Segment is a part of a Linked Segment that uses Hard Linking (Section 16.1), then either the PrevUUID or the NextUUID Element is REQUIRED. If a Segment contains a NextUUID but not a PrevUUID, then it MAY be considered as the first Segment of the Linked Segment. The NextUUID MUST NOT be equal to the SegmentUUID.
NextFilename Element
id / type:
0x3E83BB / utf-8
path:
\Segment\Info\NextFilename
maxOccurs:
1
definition:
A filename corresponding to the file of the next Linked Segment.
usage notes:
Provision of the next filename is for display convenience, but NextUUID SHOULD be considered authoritative for identifying the Next Segment.
SegmentFamily Element
id / type:
0x4444 / binary
length:
16
path:
\Segment\Info\SegmentFamily
definition:
A randomly generated unique ID that all Segments of a Linked Segment MUST share (128 bits). It is effectively a Universally Unique IDentifier stored in binary form [RFC4122].
usage notes:
If the Segment Info contains a ChapterTranslate element, this Element is REQUIRED.
ChapterTranslate Element
id / type:
0x6924 / master
path:
\Segment\Info\ChapterTranslate
definition:
The mapping between this Segment and a segment value in the given Chapter Codec.
rationale:
Chapter Codec may need to address different segments, but they may not know of the way to identify such segment when stored in Matroska. This element and its child elements add a way to map the internal segments known to the Chapter Codec to the Segment IDs in Matroska. This allows remuxing a file with Chapter Codec without changing the content of the codec data, just the Segment mapping.
ChapterTranslateID Element
id / type:
0x69A5 / binary
path:
\Segment\Info\ChapterTranslate\ChapterTranslateID
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
1 / 1
definition:
The binary value used to represent this Segment in the chapter codec data. The format depends on the ChapProcessCodecID used; see Section 5.1.7.1.4.15.
ChapterTranslateCodec Element
id / type:
0x69BF / uinteger
path:
\Segment\Info\ChapterTranslate\ChapterTranslateCodec
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
1 / 1
definition:
This ChapterTranslate applies to this chapter codec of the given chapter edition(s); see Section 5.1.7.1.4.15.
defined values:
ChapterTranslateCodec values
value | label | definition
0 | Matroska Script | Chapter commands using the Matroska Script codec.
1 | DVD-menu | Chapter commands using the DVD-like codec.
ChapterTranslateEditionUID Element
id / type:
0x69FC / uinteger
path:
\Segment\Info\ChapterTranslate\ChapterTranslateEditionUID
definition:
Specify a chapter edition UID on which this ChapterTranslate applies.
usage notes:
When no ChapterTranslateEditionUID is specified in the ChapterTranslate, the ChapterTranslate applied to all chapter editions found in the Segment using the given ChapterTranslateCodec.
TimestampScale Element
id / type / default:
0x2AD7B1 / uinteger / 1000000
range:
not 0
path:
\Segment\Info\TimestampScale
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
1 / 1
definition:
Base unit for Segment Ticks and Track Ticks, in nanoseconds. A TimestampScale value of 1.000.000 means scaled timestamps in the Segment are expressed in milliseconds; see Section 11 on how to interpret timestamps.
Duration Element
id / type:
0x4489 / float
range:
> 0x0p+0
path:
\Segment\Info\Duration
maxOccurs:
1
definition:
Duration of the Segment, expressed in Segment Ticks which is based on TimestampScale; see Section 11.1.
DateUTC Element
id / type:
0x4461 / date
path:
\Segment\Info\DateUTC
maxOccurs:
1
definition:
The date and time that the Segment was created by the muxing application or library.
Title Element
id / type:
0x7BA9 / utf-8
path:
\Segment\Info\Title
maxOccurs:
1
definition:
General name of the Segment.
MuxingApp Element
id / type:
0x4D80 / utf-8
path:
\Segment\Info\MuxingApp
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
1 / 1
definition:
Muxing application or library (example: "libmatroska-0.4.3").
usage notes:
Include the full name of the application or library followed by the version number.
WritingApp Element
id / type:
0x5741 / utf-8
path:
\Segment\Info\WritingApp
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
1 / 1
definition:
Writing application (example: "mkvmerge-0.3.3").
usage notes:
Include the full name of the application followed by the version number.
Cluster Element
id / type:
0x1F43B675 / master
unknownsizeallowed: True
path:
\Segment\Cluster
definition:
The Top-Level Element containing the (monolithic) Block structure.
Timestamp Element
id / type:
0xE7 / uinteger
path:
\Segment\Cluster\Timestamp
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
1 / 1
definition:
Absolute timestamp of the cluster, expressed in Segment Ticks which is based on TimestampScale; see Section 11.1.
usage notes:
This element SHOULD be the first child element of the Cluster it belongs to, or the second if that Cluster contains a CRC-32 element (Section 6.2).
PrevSize Element
id / type:
0xAB / uinteger
path:
\Segment\Cluster\PrevSize
maxOccurs:
1
definition:
Size of the previous Cluster, in octets. Can be useful for backward playing.
SimpleBlock Element
id / type:
0xA3 / binary
path:
\Segment\Cluster\SimpleBlock
minver:
2
definition:
Similar to Block, see Section 10, but without all the extra information, mostly used to reduced overhead when no extra feature is needed; see Section 10.3 on SimpleBlock Structure.
BlockGroup Element
id / type:
0xA0 / master
path:
\Segment\Cluster\BlockGroup
definition:
Basic container of information containing a single Block and information specific to that Block.
Block Element
id / type:
0xA1 / binary
path:
\Segment\Cluster\BlockGroup\Block
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
1 / 1
definition:
Block containing the actual data to be rendered and a timestamp relative to the Cluster Timestamp; see Section 10 on Block Structure.
BlockAdditions Element
id / type:
0x75A1 / master
path:
\Segment\Cluster\BlockGroup\BlockAdditions
maxOccurs:
1
definition:
Contain additional binary data to complete the main one; see Codec BlockAdditions section of [MatroskaCodec] for more information. An EBML parser that has no knowledge of the Block structure could still see and use/skip these data.
BlockMore Element
id / type:
0xA6 / master
path:
\Segment\Cluster\BlockGroup\BlockAdditions\BlockMore
minOccurs:
1
definition:
Contain the BlockAdditional and some parameters.
BlockAdditional Element
id / type:
0xA5 / binary
path:
\Segment\Cluster\BlockGroup\BlockAdditions\BlockMore\BlockAdditional
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
1 / 1
definition:
Interpreted by the codec as it wishes (using the BlockAddID).
BlockAddID Element
id / type / default:
0xEE / uinteger / 1
range:
not 0
path:
\Segment\Cluster\BlockGroup\BlockAdditions\BlockMore\BlockAddID
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
1 / 1
definition:
An ID to identify how to interpret the BlockAdditional data; see Codec BlockAdditions section of [MatroskaCodec] for more information. A value of 1 indicates that the meaning of the BlockAdditional data is defined by the codec. Any other value indicates the meaning of the BlockAdditional data is found in the BlockAddIDType found in the TrackEntry.
usage notes:
Each BlockAddID value MUST be unique between all BlockMore elements found in a BlockAdditions.
usage notes:
To keep MaxBlockAdditionID as low as possible, small values SHOULD be used.
BlockDuration Element
id / type:
0x9B / uinteger
path:
\Segment\Cluster\BlockGroup\BlockDuration
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
see implementation notes / 1
definition:
The duration of the Block, expressed in Track Ticks; see Section 11.1. The BlockDuration Element can be useful at the end of a Track to define the duration of the last frame (as there is no subsequent Block available), or when there is a break in a track like for subtitle tracks.
notes:
BlockDuration implementation notes
attribute | note
minOccurs | BlockDuration MUST be set (minOccurs=1) if the associated TrackEntry stores a DefaultDuration value.
default | When not written and with no DefaultDuration, the value is assumed to be the difference between the timestampof this Block and the timestamp of the next Block in "display" order (not coding order).
ReferencePriority Element
id / type / default:
0xFA / uinteger / 0
path:
\Segment\Cluster\BlockGroup\ReferencePriority
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
1 / 1
definition:
This frame is referenced and has the specified cache priority. In cache only a frame of the same or higher priority can replace this frame. A value of 0 means the frame is not referenced.
ReferenceBlock Element
id / type:
0xFB / integer
path:
\Segment\Cluster\BlockGroup\ReferenceBlock
definition:
A timestamp value, relative to the timestamp of the Block in this BlockGroup, expressed in Track Ticks; see Section 11.1. This is used to reference other frames necessary to decode this frame. The relative value SHOULD correspond to a valid Block this Block depends on. Historically Matroska Writer didn't write the actual Block(s) this Block depends on, but some Block in the past.
The value "0" MAY also be used to signify this Block cannot be decoded on its own, but without knownledge of which Block is necessary. In this case, other ReferenceBlock MUST NOT be found in the same BlockGroup.
If the BlockGroup doesn't have any ReferenceBlock element, then the Block it contains can be decoded without using any other Block data.
CodecState Element
id / type:
0xA4 / binary
path:
\Segment\Cluster\BlockGroup\CodecState
maxOccurs:
1
minver:
2
definition:
The new codec state to use. Data interpretation is private to the codec. This information SHOULD always be referenced by a seek entry.
DiscardPadding Element
id / type:
0x75A2 / integer
path:
\Segment\Cluster\BlockGroup\DiscardPadding
maxOccurs:
1
minver:
4
definition:
Duration of the silent data added to the Block, expressed in Matroska Ticks -- ie in nanoseconds; see Section 11.1 (padding at the end of the Block for positive value, at the beginning of the Block for negative value). The duration of DiscardPadding is not calculated in the duration of the TrackEntry and SHOULD be discarded during playback.
Tracks Element
id / type:
0x1654AE6B / master
path:
\Segment\Tracks
maxOccurs:
1
recurring: True
definition:
A Top-Level Element of information with many tracks described.
TrackEntry Element
id / type:
0xAE / master
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry
minOccurs:
1
definition:
Describes a track with all Elements.
TrackNumber Element
id / type:
0xD7 / uinteger
range:
not 0
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\TrackNumber
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
1 / 1
definition:
The track number as used in the Block Header (using more than 127 tracks is not encouraged, though the design allows an unlimited number).
TrackUID Element
id / type:
0x73C5 / uinteger
range:
not 0
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\TrackUID
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
1 / 1
definition:
A unique ID to identify the Track.
stream copy: True (Section 8)
TrackType Element
id / type:
0x83 / uinteger
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\TrackType
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
1 / 1
definition:
The TrackType defines the type of each frame found in the Track. The value SHOULD be stored on 1 octet.
defined values:
TrackType values
value | label | each frame contains
1 | video | An image.
2 | audio | Audio samples.
3 | complex | A mix of different other TrackType. The codec needs to define how the Matroska Player should interpret such data.
16 | logo | An image to be rendered over the video track(s).
17 | subtitle | Subtitle or closed caption data to be rendered over the video track(s).
18 | buttons | Interactive button(s) to be rendered over the video track(s).
32 | control | Metadata used to control the player of the Matroska Player.
33 | metadata | Timed metadata that can be passed on to the Matroska Player.
stream copy: True (Section 8)
FlagEnabled Element
id / type / default:
0xB9 / uinteger / 1
range:
0-1
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\FlagEnabled
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
1 / 1
minver:
2
definition:
Set to 1 if the track is usable. It is possible to turn a not usable track into a usable track using chapter codecs or control tracks.
FlagDefault Element
id / type / default:
0x88 / uinteger / 1
range:
0-1
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\FlagDefault
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
1 / 1
definition:
Set if that track (audio, video or subs) SHOULD be eligible for automatic selection by the player; see Section 18 for more details.
FlagForced Element
id / type / default:
0x55AA / uinteger / 0
range:
0-1
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\FlagForced
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
1 / 1
definition:
Applies only to subtitles. Set if that track SHOULD be eligible for automatic selection by the player if it matches the user's language preference, even if the user's preferences would normally not enable subtitles with the selected audio track; this can be used for tracks containing only translations of foreign-language audio or onscreen text. See Section 18 for more details.
FlagHearingImpaired Element
id / type:
0x55AB / uinteger
range:
0-1
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\FlagHearingImpaired
maxOccurs:
1
minver:
4
definition:
Set to 1 if that track is suitable for users with hearing impairments, set to 0 if it is unsuitable for users with hearing impairments.
FlagVisualImpaired Element
id / type:
0x55AC / uinteger
range:
0-1
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\FlagVisualImpaired
maxOccurs:
1
minver:
4
definition:
Set to 1 if that track is suitable for users with visual impairments, set to 0 if it is unsuitable for users with visual impairments.
FlagTextDescriptions Element
id / type:
0x55AD / uinteger
range:
0-1
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\FlagTextDescriptions
maxOccurs:
1
minver:
4
definition:
Set to 1 if that track contains textual descriptions of video content, set to 0 if that track does not contain textual descriptions of video content.
FlagOriginal Element
id / type:
0x55AE / uinteger
range:
0-1
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\FlagOriginal
maxOccurs:
1
minver:
4
definition:
Set to 1 if that track is in the content's original language, set to 0 if it is a translation.
FlagCommentary Element
id / type:
0x55AF / uinteger
range:
0-1
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\FlagCommentary
maxOccurs:
1
minver:
4
definition:
Set to 1 if that track contains commentary, set to 0 if it does not contain commentary.
FlagLacing Element
id / type / default:
0x9C / uinteger / 1
range:
0-1
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\FlagLacing
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
1 / 1
definition:
Set to 1 if the track MAY contain blocks using lacing. When set to 0 all blocks MUST have their lacing flags set to No lacing; see Section 10.4 on Block Lacing.
MinCache Element
id / type / default:
0x6DE7 / uinteger / 0
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\MinCache
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
1 / 1
definition:
The minimum number of frames a player SHOULD be able to cache during playback. If set to 0, the reference pseudo-cache system is not used.
MaxCache Element
id / type:
0x6DF8 / uinteger
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\MaxCache
maxOccurs:
1
definition:
The maximum cache size necessary to store referenced frames in and the current frame. 0 means no cache is needed.
DefaultDuration Element
id / type:
0x23E383 / uinteger
range:
not 0
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\DefaultDuration
maxOccurs:
1
definition:
Number of nanoseconds per frame, expressed in Matroska Ticks -- ie in nanoseconds; see Section 11.1 (frame in the Matroska sense -- one Element put into a (Simple)Block).
stream copy: True (Section 8)
DefaultDecodedFieldDuration Element
id / type:
0x234E7A / uinteger
range:
not 0
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\DefaultDecodedFieldDuration
maxOccurs:
1
minver:
4
definition:
The period between two successive fields at the output of the decoding process, expressed in Matroska Ticks -- ie in nanoseconds; see Section 11.1. see Section 9 for more information
stream copy: True (Section 8)
TrackTimestampScale Element
id / type / default:
0x23314F / float / 0x1p+0
range:
> 0x0p+0
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\TrackTimestampScale
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
1 / 1
maxver:
3
definition:
The scale to apply on this track to work at normal speed in relation with other tracks (mostly used to adjust video speed when the audio length differs).
stream copy: True (Section 8)
MaxBlockAdditionID Element
id / type / default:
0x55EE / uinteger / 0
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\MaxBlockAdditionID
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
1 / 1
definition:
The maximum value of BlockAddID (Section 5.1.3.4.2.3). A value 0 means there is no BlockAdditions (Section 5.1.3.4.2) for this track.
BlockAdditionMapping Element
id / type:
0x41E4 / master
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\BlockAdditionMapping
minver:
4
definition:
Contains elements that extend the track format, by adding content either to each frame, with BlockAddID (Section 5.1.3.4.2.3), or to the track as a whole with BlockAddIDExtraData.
BlockAddIDValue Element
id / type:
0x41F0 / uinteger
range:
>=2
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\BlockAdditionMapping\BlockAddIDValue
maxOccurs:
1
minver:
4
definition:
If the track format extension needs content beside frames, the value refers to the BlockAddID (Section 5.1.3.4.2.3), value being described.
usage notes:
To keep MaxBlockAdditionID as low as possible, small values SHOULD be used.
BlockAddIDName Element
id / type:
0x41A4 / string
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\BlockAdditionMapping\BlockAddIDName
maxOccurs:
1
minver:
4
definition:
A human-friendly name describing the type of BlockAdditional data, as defined by the associated Block Additional Mapping.
BlockAddIDType Element
id / type / default:
0x41E7 / uinteger / 0
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\BlockAdditionMapping\BlockAddIDType
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
1 / 1
minver:
4
definition:
Stores the registered identifier of the Block Additional Mapping to define how the BlockAdditional data should be handled.
usage notes:
If BlockAddIDType is 0, the BlockAddIDValue and corresponding BlockAddID values MUST be 1.
BlockAddIDExtraData Element
id / type:
0x41ED / binary
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\BlockAdditionMapping\BlockAddIDExtraData
maxOccurs:
1
minver:
4
definition:
Extra binary data that the BlockAddIDType can use to interpret the BlockAdditional data. The interpretation of the binary data depends on the BlockAddIDType value and the corresponding Block Additional Mapping.
Name Element
id / type:
0x536E / utf-8
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\Name
maxOccurs:
1
definition:
A human-readable track name.
Language Element
id / type / default:
0x22B59C / string / eng
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\Language
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
1 / 1
definition:
Specifies the language of the track in the Matroska languages form; see Section 12 on language codes. This Element MUST be ignored if the LanguageBCP47 Element is used in the same TrackEntry.
LanguageBCP47 Element
id / type:
0x22B59D / string
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\LanguageBCP47
maxOccurs:
1
minver:
4
definition:
Specifies the language of the track according to [BCP47] and using the IANA Language Subtag Registry [IANALangRegistry]. If this Element is used, then any Language Elements used in the same TrackEntry MUST be ignored.
CodecID Element
id / type:
0x86 / string
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\CodecID
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
1 / 1
definition:
An ID corresponding to the codec, see [MatroskaCodec] for more info.
stream copy: True (Section 8)
CodecPrivate Element
id / type:
0x63A2 / binary
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\CodecPrivate
maxOccurs:
1
definition:
Private data only known to the codec.
stream copy: True (Section 8)
CodecName Element
id / type:
0x258688 / utf-8
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\CodecName
maxOccurs:
1
definition:
A human-readable string specifying the codec.
AttachmentLink Element
id / type:
0x7446 / uinteger
range:
not 0
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\AttachmentLink
maxOccurs:
1
maxver:
3
definition:
The UID of an attachment that is used by this codec.
usage notes:
The value MUST match the FileUID value of an attachment found in this Segment.
TrackOverlay Element
id / type:
0x6FAB / uinteger
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\TrackOverlay
definition:
Specify that this track is an overlay track for the Track specified (in the u-integer). That means when this track has a gap, see Section 27.1 on SilentTracks, the overlay track SHOULD be used instead. The order of multiple TrackOverlay matters, the first one is the one that SHOULD be used. If not found it SHOULD be the second, etc.
CodecDelay Element
id / type / default:
0x56AA / uinteger / 0
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\CodecDelay
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
1 / 1
minver:
4
definition:
CodecDelay is The codec-built-in delay, expressed in Matroska Ticks -- ie in nanoseconds; see Section 11.1. It represents the amount of codec samples that will be discarded by the decoder during playback. This timestamp value MUST be subtracted from each frame timestamp in order to get the timestamp that will be actually played. The value SHOULD be small so the muxing of tracks with the same actual timestamp are in the same Cluster.
stream copy: True (Section 8)
SeekPreRoll Element
id / type / default:
0x56BB / uinteger / 0
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\SeekPreRoll
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
1 / 1
minver:
4
definition:
After a discontinuity, SeekPreRoll is the duration of the data the decoder MUST decode before the decoded data is valid, expressed in Matroska Ticks -- ie in nanoseconds; see Section 11.1.
stream copy: True (Section 8)
TrackTranslate Element
id / type:
0x6624 / master
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\TrackTranslate
definition:
The mapping between this TrackEntry and a track value in the given Chapter Codec.
rationale:
Chapter Codec may need to address content in specific track, but they may not know of the way to identify tracks in Matroska. This element and its child elements add a way to map the internal tracks known to the Chapter Codec to the track IDs in Matroska. This allows remuxing a file with Chapter Codec without changing the content of the codec data, just the track mapping.
TrackTranslateTrackID Element
id / type:
0x66A5 / binary
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\TrackTranslate\TrackTranslateTrackID
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
1 / 1
definition:
The binary value used to represent this TrackEntry in the chapter codec data. The format depends on the ChapProcessCodecID used; see Section 5.1.7.1.4.15.
TrackTranslateCodec Element
id / type:
0x66BF / uinteger
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\TrackTranslate\TrackTranslateCodec
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
1 / 1
definition:
This TrackTranslate applies to this chapter codec of the given chapter edition(s); see Section 5.1.7.1.4.15.
defined values:
TrackTranslateCodec values
value | label | definition
0 | Matroska Script | Chapter commands using the Matroska Script codec.
1 | DVD-menu | Chapter commands using the DVD-like codec.
TrackTranslateEditionUID Element
id / type:
0x66FC / uinteger
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\TrackTranslate\TrackTranslateEditionUID
definition:
Specify a chapter edition UID on which this TrackTranslate applies.
usage notes:
When no TrackTranslateEditionUID is specified in the TrackTranslate, the TrackTranslate applies to all chapter editions found in the Segment using the given TrackTranslateCodec.
Video Element
id / type:
0xE0 / master
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\Video
maxOccurs:
1
definition:
Video settings.
FlagInterlaced Element
id / type / default:
0x9A / uinteger / 0
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\Video\FlagInterlaced
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
1 / 1
minver:
2
definition:
Specify whether the video frames in this track are interlaced or not.
defined values:
FlagInterlaced values
value | label | definition
0 | undetermined | Unknown status.This value SHOULD be avoided.
1 | interlaced | Interlaced frames.
2 | progressive | No interlacing.
stream copy: True (Section 8)
FieldOrder Element
id / type / default:
0x9D / uinteger / 2
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\Video\FieldOrder
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
1 / 1
minver:
4
definition:
Specify the field ordering of video frames in this track.
defined values:
FieldOrder values
value | label | definition
0 | progressive | Interlaced frames.This value SHOULD be avoided, setting FlagInterlaced to 2 is sufficient.
1 | tff | Top field displayed first. Top field stored first.
2 | undetermined | Unknown field order.This value SHOULD be avoided.
6 | bff | Bottom field displayed first. Bottom field stored first.
9 | bff(swapped) | Top field displayed first. Fields are interleaved in storage
with the top line of the top field stored first. | |
14 | tff(swapped) | Bottom field displayed first. Fields are interleaved in storage
with the top line of the top field stored first. | |
usage notes:
If FlagInterlaced is not set to 1, this Element MUST be ignored.
stream copy: True (Section 8)
StereoMode Element
id / type / default:
0x53B8 / uinteger / 0
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\Video\StereoMode
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
1 / 1
minver:
3
definition:
Stereo-3D video mode. There are some more details in Section 17.10.
restrictions:
StereoMode values
value | label
0 | mono
1 | side by side (left eye first)
2 | top - bottom (right eye is first)
3 | top - bottom (left eye is first)
4 | checkboard (right eye is first)
5 | checkboard (left eye is first)
6 | row interleaved (right eye is first)
7 | row interleaved (left eye is first)
8 | column interleaved (right eye is first)
9 | column interleaved (left eye is first)
10 | anaglyph (cyan/red)
11 | side by side (right eye first)
12 | anaglyph (green/magenta)
13 | both eyes laced in one Block (left eye is first)
14 | both eyes laced in one Block (right eye is first)
stream copy: True (Section 8)
AlphaMode Element
id / type / default:
0x53C0 / uinteger / 0
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\Video\AlphaMode
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
1 / 1
minver:
3
definition:
Indicate whether the BlockAdditional Element with BlockAddID of "1" contains Alpha data, as defined by to the Codec Mapping for the CodecID. Undefined values SHOULD NOT be used as the behavior of known implementations is different (considered either as 0 or 1).
defined values:
AlphaMode values
value | label | definition
0 | none | The BlockAdditional Element with BlockAddID of "1" does not exist or SHOULD NOT be considered as containing such data.
1 | present | The BlockAdditional Element with BlockAddID of "1" contains alpha channel data.
stream copy: True (Section 8)
OldStereoMode Element
id / type:
0x53B9 / uinteger
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\Video\OldStereoMode
maxOccurs:
1
maxver:
2
definition:
Bogus StereoMode value used in old versions of libmatroska.
restrictions:
OldStereoMode values
value | label
0 | mono
1 | right eye
2 | left eye
3 | both eyes
usage notes:
This Element MUST NOT be used. It was an incorrect value used in libmatroska up to 0.9.0.
PixelWidth Element
id / type:
0xB0 / uinteger
range:
not 0
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\Video\PixelWidth
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
1 / 1
definition:
Width of the encoded video frames in pixels.
stream copy: True (Section 8)
PixelHeight Element
id / type:
0xBA / uinteger
range:
not 0
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\Video\PixelHeight
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
1 / 1
definition:
Height of the encoded video frames in pixels.
stream copy: True (Section 8)
PixelCropBottom Element
id / type / default:
0x54AA / uinteger / 0
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\Video\PixelCropBottom
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
1 / 1
definition:
The number of video pixels to remove at the bottom of the image.
stream copy: True (Section 8)
PixelCropTop Element
id / type / default:
0x54BB / uinteger / 0
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\Video\PixelCropTop
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
1 / 1
definition:
The number of video pixels to remove at the top of the image.
stream copy: True (Section 8)
PixelCropLeft Element
id / type / default:
0x54CC / uinteger / 0
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\Video\PixelCropLeft
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
1 / 1
definition:
The number of video pixels to remove on the left of the image.
stream copy: True (Section 8)
PixelCropRight Element
id / type / default:
0x54DD / uinteger / 0
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\Video\PixelCropRight
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
1 / 1
definition:
The number of video pixels to remove on the right of the image.
stream copy: True (Section 8)
DisplayWidth Element
id / type:
0x54B0 / uinteger
range:
not 0
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\Video\DisplayWidth
maxOccurs:
1
definition:
Width of the video frames to display. Applies to the video frame after cropping (PixelCrop* Elements).
notes:
DisplayWidth implementation notes
attribute | note
default | If the DisplayUnit of the same TrackEntry is 0, then the default value for DisplayWidth is equal toPixelWidth - PixelCropLeft - PixelCropRight, else there is no default value.
stream copy: True (Section 8)
DisplayHeight Element
id / type:
0x54BA / uinteger
range:
not 0
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\Video\DisplayHeight
maxOccurs:
1
definition:
Height of the video frames to display. Applies to the video frame after cropping (PixelCrop* Elements).
notes:
DisplayHeight implementation notes
attribute | note
default | If the DisplayUnit of the same TrackEntry is 0, then the default value for DisplayHeight is equal toPixelHeight - PixelCropTop - PixelCropBottom, else there is no default value.
stream copy: True (Section 8)
DisplayUnit Element
id / type / default:
0x54B2 / uinteger / 0
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\Video\DisplayUnit
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
1 / 1
definition:
How DisplayWidth & DisplayHeight are interpreted.
restrictions:
DisplayUnit values
value | label
0 | pixels
1 | centimeters
2 | inches
3 | display aspect ratio
4 | unknown
UncompressedFourCC Element
id / type:
0x2EB524 / binary
length:
4
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\Video\UncompressedFourCC
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
see implementation notes / 1
definition:
Specify the uncompressed pixel format used for the Track's data as a FourCC. This value is similar in scope to the biCompression value of AVI's BITMAPINFO [AVIFormat]. See the YUV video formats [FourCC-YUV] and RGB video formats [FourCC-RGB] for common values.
notes:
UncompressedFourCC implementation notes
attribute | note
minOccurs | UncompressedFourCC MUST be set (minOccurs=1) in TrackEntry, when the CodecID Element of the TrackEntry is set to "V_UNCOMPRESSED".
stream copy: True (Section 8)
Colour Element
id / type:
0x55B0 / master
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\Video\Colour
maxOccurs:
1
minver:
4
definition:
Settings describing the colour format.
stream copy: True (Section 8)
MatrixCoefficients Element
id / type / default:
0x55B1 / uinteger / 2
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\Video\Colour\MatrixCoefficients
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
1 / 1
minver:
4
definition:
The Matrix Coefficients of the video used to derive luma and chroma values from red, green, and blue color primaries. For clarity, the value and meanings for MatrixCoefficients are adopted from Table 4 of ISO/IEC 23001-8:2016 or ITU-T H.273.
restrictions:
MatrixCoefficients values
value | label
0 | Identity
1 | ITU-R BT.709
2 | unspecified
3 | reserved
4 | US FCC 73.682
5 | ITU-R BT.470BG
6 | SMPTE 170M
7 | SMPTE 240M
8 | YCoCg
9 | BT2020 Non-constant Luminance
10 | BT2020 Constant Luminance
11 | SMPTE ST 2085
12 | Chroma-derived Non-constant Luminance
13 | Chroma-derived Constant Luminance
14 | ITU-R BT.2100-0
stream copy: True (Section 8)
BitsPerChannel Element
id / type / default:
0x55B2 / uinteger / 0
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\Video\Colour\BitsPerChannel
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
1 / 1
minver:
4
definition:
Number of decoded bits per channel. A value of 0 indicates that the BitsPerChannel is unspecified.
stream copy: True (Section 8)
ChromaSubsamplingHorz Element
id / type:
0x55B3 / uinteger
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\Video\Colour\ChromaSubsamplingHorz
maxOccurs:
1
minver:
4
definition:
The amount of pixels to remove in the Cr and Cb channels for every pixel not removed horizontally. Example: For video with 4:2:0 chroma subsampling, the ChromaSubsamplingHorz SHOULD be set to 1.
stream copy: True (Section 8)
ChromaSubsamplingVert Element
id / type:
0x55B4 / uinteger
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\Video\Colour\ChromaSubsamplingVert
maxOccurs:
1
minver:
4
definition:
The amount of pixels to remove in the Cr and Cb channels for every pixel not removed vertically. Example: For video with 4:2:0 chroma subsampling, the ChromaSubsamplingVert SHOULD be set to 1.
stream copy: True (Section 8)
CbSubsamplingHorz Element
id / type:
0x55B5 / uinteger
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\Video\Colour\CbSubsamplingHorz
maxOccurs:
1
minver:
4
definition:
The amount of pixels to remove in the Cb channel for every pixel not removed horizontally. This is additive with ChromaSubsamplingHorz. Example: For video with 4:2:1 chroma subsampling, the ChromaSubsamplingHorz SHOULD be set to 1 and CbSubsamplingHorz SHOULD be set to 1.
stream copy: True (Section 8)
CbSubsamplingVert Element
id / type:
0x55B6 / uinteger
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\Video\Colour\CbSubsamplingVert
maxOccurs:
1
minver:
4
definition:
The amount of pixels to remove in the Cb channel for every pixel not removed vertically. This is additive with ChromaSubsamplingVert.
stream copy: True (Section 8)
ChromaSitingHorz Element
id / type / default:
0x55B7 / uinteger / 0
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\Video\Colour\ChromaSitingHorz
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
1 / 1
minver:
4
definition:
How chroma is subsampled horizontally.
restrictions:
ChromaSitingHorz values
value | label
0 | unspecified
1 | left collocated
2 | half
stream copy: True (Section 8)
ChromaSitingVert Element
id / type / default:
0x55B8 / uinteger / 0
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\Video\Colour\ChromaSitingVert
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
1 / 1
minver:
4
definition:
How chroma is subsampled vertically.
restrictions:
ChromaSitingVert values
value | label
0 | unspecified
1 | top collocated
2 | half
stream copy: True (Section 8)
Range Element
id / type / default:
0x55B9 / uinteger / 0
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\Video\Colour\Range
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
1 / 1
minver:
4
definition:
Clipping of the color ranges.
restrictions:
Range values
value | label
0 | unspecified
1 | broadcast range
2 | full range (no clipping)
3 | defined by MatrixCoefficients / TransferCharacteristics
stream copy: True (Section 8)
TransferCharacteristics Element
id / type / default:
0x55BA / uinteger / 2
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\Video\Colour\TransferCharacteristics
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
1 / 1
minver:
4
definition:
The transfer characteristics of the video. For clarity, the value and meanings for TransferCharacteristics are adopted from Table 3 of ISO/IEC 23091-4 or ITU-T H.273.
restrictions:
TransferCharacteristics values
value | label
0 | reserved
1 | ITU-R BT.709
2 | unspecified
3 | reserved
4 | Gamma 2.2 curve - BT.470M
5 | Gamma 2.8 curve - BT.470BG
6 | SMPTE 170M
7 | SMPTE 240M
8 | Linear
9 | Log
10 | Log Sqrt
11 | IEC 61966-2-4
12 | ITU-R BT.1361 Extended Colour Gamut
13 | IEC 61966-2-1
14 | ITU-R BT.2020 10 bit
15 | ITU-R BT.2020 12 bit
16 | ITU-R BT.2100 Perceptual Quantization
17 | SMPTE ST 428-1
18 | ARIB STD-B67 (HLG)
stream copy: True (Section 8)
Primaries Element
id / type / default:
0x55BB / uinteger / 2
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\Video\Colour\Primaries
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
1 / 1
minver:
4
definition:
The colour primaries of the video. For clarity, the value and meanings for Primaries are adopted from Table 2 of ISO/IEC 23091-4 or ITU-T H.273.
restrictions:
Primaries values
value | label
0 | reserved
1 | ITU-R BT.709
2 | unspecified
3 | reserved
4 | ITU-R BT.470M
5 | ITU-R BT.470BG - BT.601 625
6 | ITU-R BT.601 525 - SMPTE 170M
7 | SMPTE 240M
8 | FILM
9 | ITU-R BT.2020
10 | SMPTE ST 428-1
11 | SMPTE RP 432-2
12 | SMPTE EG 432-2
22 | EBU Tech. 3213-E - JEDEC P22 phosphors
stream copy: True (Section 8)
MaxCLL Element
id / type:
0x55BC / uinteger
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\Video\Colour\MaxCLL
maxOccurs:
1
minver:
4
definition:
Maximum brightness of a single pixel (Maximum Content Light Level) in candelas per square meter (cd/m^2).
stream copy: True (Section 8)
MaxFALL Element
id / type:
0x55BD / uinteger
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\Video\Colour\MaxFALL
maxOccurs:
1
minver:
4
definition:
Maximum brightness of a single full frame (Maximum Frame-Average Light Level) in candelas per square meter (cd/m^2).
stream copy: True (Section 8)
MasteringMetadata Element
id / type:
0x55D0 / master
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\Video\Colour\MasteringMetadata
maxOccurs:
1
minver:
4
definition:
SMPTE 2086 mastering data.
stream copy: True (Section 8)
PrimaryRChromaticityX Element
id / type:
0x55D1 / float
range:
0-1
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\Video\Colour\MasteringMetadata\PrimaryRChromaticityX
maxOccurs:
1
minver:
4
definition:
Red X chromaticity coordinate, as defined by [CIE-1931].
stream copy: True (Section 8)
PrimaryRChromaticityY Element
id / type:
0x55D2 / float
range:
0-1
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\Video\Colour\MasteringMetadata\PrimaryRChromaticityY
maxOccurs:
1
minver:
4
definition:
Red Y chromaticity coordinate, as defined by [CIE-1931].
stream copy: True (Section 8)
PrimaryGChromaticityX Element
id / type:
0x55D3 / float
range:
0-1
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\Video\Colour\MasteringMetadata\PrimaryGChromaticityX
maxOccurs:
1
minver:
4
definition:
Green X chromaticity coordinate, as defined by [CIE-1931].
stream copy: True (Section 8)
PrimaryGChromaticityY Element
id / type:
0x55D4 / float
range:
0-1
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\Video\Colour\MasteringMetadata\PrimaryGChromaticityY
maxOccurs:
1
minver:
4
definition:
Green Y chromaticity coordinate, as defined by [CIE-1931].
stream copy: True (Section 8)
PrimaryBChromaticityX Element
id / type:
0x55D5 / float
range:
0-1
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\Video\Colour\MasteringMetadata\PrimaryBChromaticityX
maxOccurs:
1
minver:
4
definition:
Blue X chromaticity coordinate, as defined by [CIE-1931].
stream copy: True (Section 8)
PrimaryBChromaticityY Element
id / type:
0x55D6 / float
range:
0-1
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\Video\Colour\MasteringMetadata\PrimaryBChromaticityY
maxOccurs:
1
minver:
4
definition:
Blue Y chromaticity coordinate, as defined by [CIE-1931].
stream copy: True (Section 8)
WhitePointChromaticityX Element
id / type:
0x55D7 / float
range:
0-1
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\Video\Colour\MasteringMetadata\WhitePointChromaticityX
maxOccurs:
1
minver:
4
definition:
White X chromaticity coordinate, as defined by [CIE-1931].
stream copy: True (Section 8)
WhitePointChromaticityY Element
id / type:
0x55D8 / float
range:
0-1
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\Video\Colour\MasteringMetadata\WhitePointChromaticityY
maxOccurs:
1
minver:
4
definition:
White Y chromaticity coordinate, as defined by [CIE-1931].
stream copy: True (Section 8)
LuminanceMax Element
id / type:
0x55D9 / float
range:
>= 0x0p+0
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\Video\Colour\MasteringMetadata\LuminanceMax
maxOccurs:
1
minver:
4
definition:
Maximum luminance. Represented in candelas per square meter (cd/m^2).
stream copy: True (Section 8)
LuminanceMin Element
id / type:
0x55DA / float
range:
>= 0x0p+0
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\Video\Colour\MasteringMetadata\LuminanceMin
maxOccurs:
1
minver:
4
definition:
Minimum luminance. Represented in candelas per square meter (cd/m^2).
stream copy: True (Section 8)
Projection Element
id / type:
0x7670 / master
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\Video\Projection
maxOccurs:
1
minver:
4
definition:
Describes the video projection details. Used to render spherical, VR videos or flipping videos horizontally/vertically.
stream copy: True (Section 8)
ProjectionType Element
id / type / default:
0x7671 / uinteger / 0
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\Video\Projection\ProjectionType
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
1 / 1
minver:
4
definition:
Describes the projection used for this video track.
restrictions:
ProjectionType values
value | label
0 | rectangular
1 | equirectangular
2 | cubemap
3 | mesh
stream copy: True (Section 8)
ProjectionPrivate Element
id / type:
0x7672 / binary
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\Video\Projection\ProjectionPrivate
maxOccurs:
1
minver:
4
definition:
Private data that only applies to a specific projection.
- If ProjectionType equals 0 (Rectangular), then this element must not be present.
- If ProjectionType equals 1 (Equirectangular), then this element must be present and contain the same binary data that would be stored inside an ISOBMFF Equirectangular Projection Box ('equi').
- If ProjectionType equals 2 (Cubemap), then this element must be present and contain the same binary data that would be stored inside an ISOBMFF Cubemap Projection Box ('cbmp').
- If ProjectionType equals 3 (Mesh), then this element must be present and contain the same binary data that would be stored inside an ISOBMFF Mesh Projection Box ('mshp').
usage notes:
ISOBMFF box size and fourcc fields are not included in the binary data, but the FullBox version and flag fields are. This is to avoid redundant framing information while preserving versioning and semantics between the two container formats.
stream copy: True (Section 8)
ProjectionPoseYaw Element
id / type / default:
0x7673 / float / 0x0p+0
range:
>= -0xB4p+0, <= 0xB4p+0
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\Video\Projection\ProjectionPoseYaw
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
1 / 1
minver:
4
definition:
Specifies a yaw rotation to the projection.
Value represents a clockwise rotation, in degrees, around the up vector. This rotation must be applied before any ProjectionPosePitch or ProjectionPoseRoll rotations. The value of this element MUST be in the -180 to 180 degree range, both included.
Setting ProjectionPoseYaw to 180 or -180 degrees, with the ProjectionPoseRoll and ProjectionPosePitch set to 0 degrees flips the image horizontally.
stream copy: True (Section 8)
ProjectionPosePitch Element
id / type / default:
0x7674 / float / 0x0p+0
range:
>= -0x5Ap+0, <= 0x5Ap+0
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\Video\Projection\ProjectionPosePitch
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
1 / 1
minver:
4
definition:
Specifies a pitch rotation to the projection.
Value represents a counter-clockwise rotation, in degrees, around the right vector. This rotation must be applied after the ProjectionPoseYaw rotation and before the ProjectionPoseRoll rotation. The value of this element MUST be in the -90 to 90 degree range, both included.
stream copy: True (Section 8)
ProjectionPoseRoll Element
id / type / default:
0x7675 / float / 0x0p+0
range:
>= -0xB4p+0, <= 0xB4p+0
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\Video\Projection\ProjectionPoseRoll
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
1 / 1
minver:
4
definition:
Specifies a roll rotation to the projection.
Value represents a counter-clockwise rotation, in degrees, around the forward vector. This rotation must be applied after the ProjectionPoseYaw and ProjectionPosePitch rotations. The value of this element MUST be in the -180 to 180 degree range, both included.
Setting ProjectionPoseRoll to 180 or -180 degrees, the ProjectionPoseYaw to 180 or -180 degrees with ProjectionPosePitch set to 0 degrees flips the image vertically.
Setting ProjectionPoseRoll to 180 or -180 degrees, with the ProjectionPoseYaw and ProjectionPosePitch set to 0 degrees flips the image horizontally and vertically.
stream copy: True (Section 8)
Audio Element
id / type:
0xE1 / master
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\Audio
maxOccurs:
1
definition:
Audio settings.
SamplingFrequency Element
id / type / default:
0xB5 / float / 0x1.f4p+12
range:
> 0x0p+0
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\Audio\SamplingFrequency
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
1 / 1
definition:
Sampling frequency in Hz.
stream copy: True (Section 8)
OutputSamplingFrequency Element
id / type:
0x78B5 / float
range:
> 0x0p+0
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\Audio\OutputSamplingFrequency
maxOccurs:
1
definition:
Real output sampling frequency in Hz (used for SBR techniques).
notes:
OutputSamplingFrequency implementation notes
attribute | note
default | The default value for OutputSamplingFrequency of the same TrackEntry is equal to the SamplingFrequency.
Channels Element
id / type / default:
0x9F / uinteger / 1
range:
not 0
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\Audio\Channels
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
1 / 1
definition:
Numbers of channels in the track.
stream copy: True (Section 8)
BitDepth Element
id / type:
0x6264 / uinteger
range:
not 0
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\Audio\BitDepth
maxOccurs:
1
definition:
Bits per sample, mostly used for PCM.
stream copy: True (Section 8)
TrackOperation Element
id / type:
0xE2 / master
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\TrackOperation
maxOccurs:
1
minver:
3
definition:
Operation that needs to be applied on tracks to create this virtual track. For more details look at Section 17.8.
stream copy: True (Section 8)
TrackCombinePlanes Element
id / type:
0xE3 / master
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\TrackOperation\TrackCombinePlanes
maxOccurs:
1
minver:
3
definition:
Contains the list of all video plane tracks that need to be combined to create this 3D track
stream copy: True (Section 8)
TrackPlane Element
id / type:
0xE4 / master
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\TrackOperation\TrackCombinePlanes\TrackPlane
minOccurs:
1
minver:
3
definition:
Contains a video plane track that need to be combined to create this 3D track
stream copy: True (Section 8)
TrackPlaneUID Element
id / type:
0xE5 / uinteger
range:
not 0
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\TrackOperation\TrackCombinePlanes\TrackPlane\TrackPlaneUID
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
1 / 1
minver:
3
definition:
The trackUID number of the track representing the plane.
stream copy: True (Section 8)
TrackPlaneType Element
id / type:
0xE6 / uinteger
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\TrackOperation\TrackCombinePlanes\TrackPlane\TrackPlaneType
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
1 / 1
minver:
3
definition:
The kind of plane this track corresponds to.
restrictions:
TrackPlaneType values
value | label
0 | left eye
1 | right eye
2 | background
stream copy: True (Section 8)
TrackJoinBlocks Element
id / type:
0xE9 / master
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\TrackOperation\TrackJoinBlocks
maxOccurs:
1
minver:
3
definition:
Contains the list of all tracks whose Blocks need to be combined to create this virtual track
stream copy: True (Section 8)
TrackJoinUID Element
id / type:
0xED / uinteger
range:
not 0
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\TrackOperation\TrackJoinBlocks\TrackJoinUID
minOccurs:
1
minver:
3
definition:
The trackUID number of a track whose blocks are used to create this virtual track.
stream copy: True (Section 8)
ContentEncodings Element
id / type:
0x6D80 / master
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\ContentEncodings
maxOccurs:
1
definition:
Settings for several content encoding mechanisms like compression or encryption.
stream copy: True (Section 8)
ContentEncoding Element
id / type:
0x6240 / master
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\ContentEncodings\ContentEncoding
minOccurs:
1
definition:
Settings for one content encoding like compression or encryption.
stream copy: True (Section 8)
ContentEncodingOrder Element
id / type / default:
0x5031 / uinteger / 0
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\ContentEncodings\ContentEncoding\ContentEncodingOrder
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
1 / 1
definition:
Tell in which order to apply each ContentEncoding of the ContentEncodings. The decoder/demuxer MUST start with the ContentEncoding with the highest ContentEncodingOrder and work its way down to the ContentEncoding with the lowest ContentEncodingOrder. This value MUST be unique over for each ContentEncoding found in the ContentEncodings of this TrackEntry.
stream copy: True (Section 8)
ContentEncodingScope Element
id / type / default:
0x5032 / uinteger / 1
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\ContentEncodings\ContentEncoding\ContentEncodingScope
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
1 / 1
definition:
A bit field that describes which Elements have been modified in this way. Values (big-endian) can be OR'ed.
defined values:
ContentEncodingScope values
value | label | definition
1 | Block | All frame contents, excluding lacing data.
2 | Private | The track's private data.
4 | Next | The next ContentEncoding (next ContentEncodingOrder. Either the data inside ContentCompression and/or ContentEncryption).This value SHOULD NOT be used.
stream copy: True (Section 8)
ContentEncodingType Element
id / type / default:
0x5033 / uinteger / 0
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\ContentEncodings\ContentEncoding\ContentEncodingType
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
1 / 1
definition:
A value describing what kind of transformation is applied.
restrictions:
ContentEncodingType values
value | label
0 | Compression
1 | Encryption
stream copy: True (Section 8)
ContentCompression Element
id / type:
0x5034 / master
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\ContentEncodings\ContentEncoding\ContentCompression
maxOccurs:
1
definition:
Settings describing the compression used. This Element MUST be present if the value of ContentEncodingType is 0 and absent otherwise. Each block MUST be decompressable even if no previous block is available in order not to prevent seeking.
stream copy: True (Section 8)
ContentCompAlgo Element
id / type / default:
0x4254 / uinteger / 0
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\ContentEncodings\ContentEncoding\ContentCompression\ContentCompAlgo
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
1 / 1
definition:
The compression algorithm used.
defined values:
ContentCompAlgo values
value | label | definition
0 | zlib | zlib compression [RFC1950].
1 | bzlib | bzip2 compression [BZIP2], SHOULD NOT be used; see usage notes.
2 | lzo1x | Lempel-Ziv-Oberhumer compression [LZO], SHOULD NOT be used; see usage notes.
3 | Header Stripping | Octets in ContentCompSettings (Section 5.1.4.1.34.7) have been stripped from each frame.
usage notes:
Compression method "1" (bzlib) and "2" (lzo1x) are lacking proper documentation on the format which limits implementation possibilities. Due to licensing conflicts on commonly available libraries compression methods "2" (lzo1x) does not offer widespread interoperability. Decoding implementations MAY support methods "1" and "2" as possible. The use of these compression methods SHOULD NOT be used as a default.
stream copy: True (Section 8)
ContentCompSettings Element
id / type:
0x4255 / binary
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\ContentEncodings\ContentEncoding\ContentCompression\ContentCompSettings
maxOccurs:
1
definition:
Settings that might be needed by the decompressor. For Header Stripping (ContentCompAlgo=3), the bytes that were removed from the beginning of each frames of the track.
stream copy: True (Section 8)
ContentEncryption Element
id / type:
0x5035 / master
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\ContentEncodings\ContentEncoding\ContentEncryption
maxOccurs:
1
definition:
Settings describing the encryption used. This Element MUST be present if the value of ContentEncodingType is 1 (encryption) and MUST be ignored otherwise.
stream copy: True (Section 8)
ContentEncAlgo Element
id / type / default:
0x47E1 / uinteger / 0
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\ContentEncodings\ContentEncoding\ContentEncryption\ContentEncAlgo
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
1 / 1
definition:
The encryption algorithm used.
defined values:
ContentEncAlgo values
value | label | definition
0 | Not encrypted | The data are not encrypted.
1 | DES | Data Encryption Standard (DES) [FIPS.46-3].
2 | 3DES | Triple Data Encryption Algorithm [SP.800-67].
3 | Twofish | Twofish Encryption Algorithm [Twofish].
4 | Blowfish | Blowfish Encryption Algorithm [Blowfish].
5 | AES | Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) [FIPS.197].
stream copy: True (Section 8)
ContentEncKeyID Element
id / type:
0x47E2 / binary
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\ContentEncodings\ContentEncoding\ContentEncryption\ContentEncKeyID
maxOccurs:
1
definition:
For public key algorithms this is the ID of the public key the the data was encrypted with.
stream copy: True (Section 8)
ContentEncAESSettings Element
id / type:
0x47E7 / master
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\ContentEncodings\ContentEncoding\ContentEncryption\ContentEncAESSettings
maxOccurs:
1
minver:
4
definition:
Settings describing the encryption algorithm used.
notes:
ContentEncAESSettings implementation notes
attribute | note
maxOccurs | ContentEncAESSettings MUST NOT be set (maxOccurs=0) if ContentEncAlgo is not AES (5).
stream copy: True (Section 8)
AESSettingsCipherMode Element
id / type:
0x47E8 / uinteger
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\ContentEncodings\ContentEncoding\ContentEncryption\ContentEncAESSettings\AESSettingsCipherMode
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
1 / 1
minver:
4
definition:
The AES cipher mode used in the encryption.
defined values:
AESSettingsCipherMode values
value | label | definition
1 | AES-CTR | Counter [SP.800-38A].
2 | AES-CBC | Cipher Block Chaining [SP.800-38A].
notes:
AESSettingsCipherMode implementation notes
attribute | note
maxOccurs | AESSettingsCipherMode MUST NOT be set (maxOccurs=0) if ContentEncAlgo is not AES (5).
stream copy: True (Section 8)
Cues Element
id / type:
0x1C53BB6B / master
path:
\Segment\Cues
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
see implementation notes / 1
definition:
A Top-Level Element to speed seeking access. All entries are local to the Segment.
notes:
Cues implementation notes
attribute | note
minOccurs | This Element SHOULD be set when the Segment is not transmitted as a live stream (see #livestreaming).
CuePoint Element
id / type:
0xBB / master
path:
\Segment\Cues\CuePoint
minOccurs:
1
definition:
Contains all information relative to a seek point in the Segment.
CueTime Element
id / type:
0xB3 / uinteger
path:
\Segment\Cues\CuePoint\CueTime
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
1 / 1
definition:
Absolute timestamp of the seek point, expressed in Matroska Ticks -- ie in nanoseconds; see Section 11.1.
CueTrackPositions Element
id / type:
0xB7 / master
path:
\Segment\Cues\CuePoint\CueTrackPositions
minOccurs:
1
definition:
Contain positions for different tracks corresponding to the timestamp.
CueTrack Element
id / type:
0xF7 / uinteger
range:
not 0
path:
\Segment\Cues\CuePoint\CueTrackPositions\CueTrack
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
1 / 1
definition:
The track for which a position is given.
CueClusterPosition Element
id / type:
0xF1 / uinteger
path:
\Segment\Cues\CuePoint\CueTrackPositions\CueClusterPosition
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
1 / 1
definition:
The Segment Position (Section 15) of the Cluster containing the associated Block.
CueRelativePosition Element
id / type:
0xF0 / uinteger
path:
\Segment\Cues\CuePoint\CueTrackPositions\CueRelativePosition
maxOccurs:
1
minver:
4
definition:
The relative position inside the Cluster of the referenced SimpleBlock or BlockGroup with 0 being the first possible position for an Element inside that Cluster.
CueDuration Element
id / type:
0xB2 / uinteger
path:
\Segment\Cues\CuePoint\CueTrackPositions\CueDuration
maxOccurs:
1
minver:
4
definition:
The duration of the block, expressed in Segment Ticks which is based on TimestampScale; see Section 11.1. If missing, the track's DefaultDuration does not apply and no duration information is available in terms of the cues.
CueBlockNumber Element
id / type:
0x5378 / uinteger
range:
not 0
path:
\Segment\Cues\CuePoint\CueTrackPositions\CueBlockNumber
maxOccurs:
1
definition:
Number of the Block in the specified Cluster.
CueCodecState Element
id / type / default:
0xEA / uinteger / 0
path:
\Segment\Cues\CuePoint\CueTrackPositions\CueCodecState
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
1 / 1
minver:
2
definition:
The Segment Position (Section 15) of the Codec State corresponding to this Cue Element. 0 means that the data is taken from the initial Track Entry.
CueReference Element
id / type:
0xDB / master
path:
\Segment\Cues\CuePoint\CueTrackPositions\CueReference
minver:
2
definition:
The Clusters containing the referenced Blocks.
CueRefTime Element
id / type:
0x96 / uinteger
path:
\Segment\Cues\CuePoint\CueTrackPositions\CueReference\CueRefTime
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
1 / 1
minver:
2
definition:
Timestamp of the referenced Block, expressed in Matroska Ticks -- ie in nanoseconds; see Section 11.1.
Attachments Element
id / type:
0x1941A469 / master
path:
\Segment\Attachments
maxOccurs:
1
definition:
Contain attached files.
AttachedFile Element
id / type:
0x61A7 / master
path:
\Segment\Attachments\AttachedFile
minOccurs:
1
definition:
An attached file.
FileDescription Element
id / type:
0x467E / utf-8
path:
\Segment\Attachments\AttachedFile\FileDescription
maxOccurs:
1
definition:
A human-friendly name for the attached file.
FileName Element
id / type:
0x466E / utf-8
path:
\Segment\Attachments\AttachedFile\FileName
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
1 / 1
definition:
Filename of the attached file.
FileMediaType Element
id / type:
0x4660 / string
path:
\Segment\Attachments\AttachedFile\FileMediaType
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
1 / 1
definition:
Media type of the file following the [RFC6838] format.
stream copy: True (Section 8)
FileData Element
id / type:
0x465C / binary
path:
\Segment\Attachments\AttachedFile\FileData
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
1 / 1
definition:
The data of the file.
stream copy: True (Section 8)
FileUID Element
id / type:
0x46AE / uinteger
range:
not 0
path:
\Segment\Attachments\AttachedFile\FileUID
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
1 / 1
definition:
Unique ID representing the file, as random as possible.
stream copy: True (Section 8)
Chapters Element
id / type:
0x1043A770 / master
path:
\Segment\Chapters
maxOccurs:
1
recurring: True
definition:
A system to define basic menus and partition data. For more detailed information, look at the Chapters explanation in Section 19.
EditionEntry Element
id / type:
0x45B9 / master
path:
\Segment\Chapters\EditionEntry
minOccurs:
1
definition:
Contains all information about a Segment edition.
EditionUID Element
id / type:
0x45BC / uinteger
range:
not 0
path:
\Segment\Chapters\EditionEntry\EditionUID
maxOccurs:
1
definition:
A unique ID to identify the edition. It's useful for tagging an edition.
stream copy: True (Section 8)
EditionFlagDefault Element
id / type / default:
0x45DB / uinteger / 0
range:
0-1
path:
\Segment\Chapters\EditionEntry\EditionFlagDefault
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
1 / 1
definition:
Set to 1 if the edition SHOULD be used as the default one.
EditionFlagOrdered Element
id / type / default:
0x45DD / uinteger / 0
range:
0-1
path:
\Segment\Chapters\EditionEntry\EditionFlagOrdered
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
1 / 1
definition:
Set to 1 if the chapters can be defined multiple times and the order to play them is enforced; see Section 19.1.3.
ChapterAtom Element
id / type:
0xB6 / master
path:
\Segment\Chapters\EditionEntry\+ChapterAtom
minOccurs:
1
recursive: True
definition:
Contains the atom information to use as the chapter atom (apply to all tracks).
ChapterUID Element
id / type:
0x73C4 / uinteger
range:
not 0
path:
\Segment\Chapters\EditionEntry\+ChapterAtom\ChapterUID
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
1 / 1
definition:
A unique ID to identify the Chapter.
stream copy: True (Section 8)
ChapterStringUID Element
id / type:
0x5654 / utf-8
path:
\Segment\Chapters\EditionEntry\+ChapterAtom\ChapterStringUID
maxOccurs:
1
minver:
3
definition:
A unique string ID to identify the Chapter. Use for WebVTT cue identifier storage [WebVTT].
ChapterTimeStart Element
id / type:
0x91 / uinteger
path:
\Segment\Chapters\EditionEntry\+ChapterAtom\ChapterTimeStart
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
1 / 1
definition:
Timestamp of the start of Chapter, expressed in Matroska Ticks -- ie in nanoseconds; see Section 11.1.
ChapterTimeEnd Element
id / type:
0x92 / uinteger
path:
\Segment\Chapters\EditionEntry\+ChapterAtom\ChapterTimeEnd
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
see implementation notes / 1
definition:
Timestamp of the end of Chapter timestamp excluded, expressed in Matroska Ticks -- ie in nanoseconds; see Section 11.1. The value MUST be greater than or equal to the ChapterTimeStart of the same ChapterAtom.
usage notes:
The ChapterTimeEnd timestamp value being excluded, it MUST take in account the duration of the last frame it includes, especially for the ChapterAtom using the last frames of the Segment.
notes:
ChapterTimeEnd implementation notes
attribute | note
minOccurs | ChapterTimeEnd MUST be set (minOccurs=1) if the Edition is an ordered edition; see Section 19.1.3, unless it's a Parent Chapter; see Section 19.2.3
ChapterFlagHidden Element
id / type / default:
0x98 / uinteger / 0
range:
0-1
path:
\Segment\Chapters\EditionEntry\+ChapterAtom\ChapterFlagHidden
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
1 / 1
definition:
Set to 1 if a chapter is hidden. Hidden chapters SHOULD NOT be available to the user interface (but still to Control Tracks; see Section 19.2.5 on Chapter flags).
ChapterSegmentUUID Element
id / type:
0x6E67 / binary
length:
16
range:
>0
path:
\Segment\Chapters\EditionEntry\+ChapterAtom\ChapterSegmentUUID
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
see implementation notes / 1
definition:
The SegmentUUID of another Segment to play during this chapter (128 bits). Like the SegmentUUID, it is a Universally Unique IDentifier stored in binary form [RFC4122].
usage notes:
The value MUST NOT be the SegmentUUID value of the Segment it belongs to.
notes:
ChapterSegmentUUID implementation notes
attribute | note
minOccurs | ChapterSegmentUUID MUST be set (minOccurs=1) if ChapterSegmentEditionUID is used; see Section 16.2 on medium-linking Segments.
ChapterSegmentEditionUID Element
id / type:
0x6EBC / uinteger
range:
not 0
path:
\Segment\Chapters\EditionEntry\+ChapterAtom\ChapterSegmentEditionUID
maxOccurs:
1
definition:
The EditionUID to play from the Segment linked in ChapterSegmentUUID. If ChapterSegmentEditionUID is undeclared, then no Edition of the linked Segment is used; see Section 16.2 on medium-linking Segments.
ChapterPhysicalEquiv Element
id / type:
0x63C3 / uinteger
path:
\Segment\Chapters\EditionEntry\+ChapterAtom\ChapterPhysicalEquiv
maxOccurs:
1
definition:
Specify the physical equivalent of this ChapterAtom like "DVD" (60) or "SIDE" (50); see Section 19.4 for a complete list of values.
ChapterDisplay Element
id / type:
0x80 / master
path:
\Segment\Chapters\EditionEntry\+ChapterAtom\ChapterDisplay
definition:
Contains all possible strings to use for the chapter display.
ChapString Element
id / type:
0x85 / utf-8
path:
\Segment\Chapters\EditionEntry\+ChapterAtom\ChapterDisplay\ChapString
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
1 / 1
definition:
Contains the string to use as the chapter atom.
ChapLanguage Element
id / type / default:
0x437C / string / eng
path:
\Segment\Chapters\EditionEntry\+ChapterAtom\ChapterDisplay\ChapLanguage
minOccurs:
1
definition:
A language corresponding to the string, in the bibliographic ISO-639-2 form [ISO639-2]. This Element MUST be ignored if a ChapLanguageBCP47 Element is used within the same ChapterDisplay Element.
ChapLanguageBCP47 Element
id / type:
0x437D / string
path:
\Segment\Chapters\EditionEntry\+ChapterAtom\ChapterDisplay\ChapLanguageBCP47
minver:
4
definition:
Specifies a language corresponding to the ChapString in the format defined in [BCP47] and using the IANA Language Subtag Registry [IANALangRegistry]. If a ChapLanguageBCP47 Element is used, then any ChapLanguage and ChapCountry Elements used in the same ChapterDisplay MUST be ignored.
ChapCountry Element
id / type:
0x437E / string
path:
\Segment\Chapters\EditionEntry\+ChapterAtom\ChapterDisplay\ChapCountry
definition:
A country corresponding to the string, using the same 2 octets country-codes as in Internet domains [IANADomains] based on [ISO3166-1] alpha-2 codes. This Element MUST be ignored if a ChapLanguageBCP47 Element is used within the same ChapterDisplay Element.
ChapProcess Element
id / type:
0x6944 / master
path:
\Segment\Chapters\EditionEntry\+ChapterAtom\ChapProcess
definition:
Contains all the commands associated to the Atom.
ChapProcessCodecID Element
id / type / default:
0x6955 / uinteger / 0
path:
\Segment\Chapters\EditionEntry\+ChapterAtom\ChapProcess\ChapProcessCodecID
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
1 / 1
definition:
Contains the type of the codec used for the processing. A value of 0 means native Matroska processing (to be defined), a value of 1 means the DVD command set is used; see Section 19.3 on DVD menus. More codec IDs can be added later.
ChapProcessPrivate Element
id / type:
0x450D / binary
path:
\Segment\Chapters\EditionEntry\+ChapterAtom\ChapProcess\ChapProcessPrivate
maxOccurs:
1
definition:
Some optional data attached to the ChapProcessCodecID information. For ChapProcessCodecID = 1, it is the "DVD level" equivalent; see Section 19.3 on DVD menus.
ChapProcessCommand Element
id / type:
0x6911 / master
path:
\Segment\Chapters\EditionEntry\+ChapterAtom\ChapProcess\ChapProcessCommand
definition:
Contains all the commands associated to the Atom.
ChapProcessTime Element
id / type:
0x6922 / uinteger
path:
\Segment\Chapters\EditionEntry\+ChapterAtom\ChapProcess\ChapProcessCommand\ChapProcessTime
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
1 / 1
definition:
Defines when the process command SHOULD be handled
restrictions:
ChapProcessTime values
value | label
0 | during the whole chapter
1 | before starting playback
2 | after playback of the chapter
ChapProcessData Element
id / type:
0x6933 / binary
path:
\Segment\Chapters\EditionEntry\+ChapterAtom\ChapProcess\ChapProcessCommand\ChapProcessData
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
1 / 1
definition:
Contains the command information. The data SHOULD be interpreted depending on the ChapProcessCodecID value. For ChapProcessCodecID = 1, the data correspond to the binary DVD cell pre/post commands; see Section 19.3 on DVD menus.
Tags Element
id / type:
0x1254C367 / master
path:
\Segment\Tags
definition:
Element containing metadata describing Tracks, Editions, Chapters, Attachments, or the Segment as a whole. A list of valid tags can be found in [MatroskaTags].
Tag Element
id / type:
0x7373 / master
path:
\Segment\Tags\Tag
minOccurs:
1
definition:
A single metadata descriptor.
Targets Element
id / type:
0x63C0 / master
path:
\Segment\Tags\Tag\Targets
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
1 / 1
definition:
Specifies which other elements the metadata represented by the Tag applies to. If empty or not present, then the Tag describes everything in the Segment.
TargetTypeValue Element
id / type / default:
0x68CA / uinteger / 50
path:
\Segment\Tags\Tag\Targets\TargetTypeValue
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
1 / 1
definition:
A number to indicate the logical level of the target.
defined values:
TargetTypeValue values
value | label | definition
70 | COLLECTION | The highest hierarchical level that tags can describe.
60 | EDITION / ISSUE / VOLUME / OPUS / SEASON / SEQUEL | A list of lower levels grouped together.
50 | ALBUM / OPERA / CONCERT / MOVIE / EPISODE | The most common grouping level of music and video (equals to an episode for TV series).
40 | PART / SESSION | When an album or episode has different logical parts.
30 | TRACK / SONG / CHAPTER | The common parts of an album or movie.
20 | SUBTRACK / PART / MOVEMENT / SCENE | Corresponds to parts of a track for audio (like a movement).
10 | SHOT | The lowest hierarchy found in music or movies.
TargetType Element
id / type:
0x63CA / string
path:
\Segment\Tags\Tag\Targets\TargetType
maxOccurs:
1
definition:
An informational string that can be used to display the logical level of the target like "ALBUM", "TRACK", "MOVIE", "CHAPTER", etc ; see Section 6.4 of [MatroskaTags].
restrictions:
TargetType values
value | label
COLLECTION | TargetTypeValue 70
EDITION | TargetTypeValue 60
ISSUE | TargetTypeValue 60
VOLUME | TargetTypeValue 60
OPUS | TargetTypeValue 60
SEASON | TargetTypeValue 60
SEQUEL | TargetTypeValue 60
ALBUM | TargetTypeValue 50
OPERA | TargetTypeValue 50
CONCERT | TargetTypeValue 50
MOVIE | TargetTypeValue 50
EPISODE | TargetTypeValue 50
PART | TargetTypeValue 40
SESSION | TargetTypeValue 40
TRACK | TargetTypeValue 30
SONG | TargetTypeValue 30
CHAPTER | TargetTypeValue 30
SUBTRACK | TargetTypeValue 20
PART | TargetTypeValue 20
MOVEMENT | TargetTypeValue 20
SCENE | TargetTypeValue 20
SHOT | TargetTypeValue 10
TagTrackUID Element
id / type / default:
0x63C5 / uinteger / 0
path:
\Segment\Tags\Tag\Targets\TagTrackUID
definition:
A unique ID to identify the Track(s) the tags belong to.
usage notes:
If the value is 0 at this level, the tags apply to all tracks in the Segment. If set to any other value, it MUST match the TrackUID value of a track found in this Segment.
TagEditionUID Element
id / type / default:
0x63C9 / uinteger / 0
path:
\Segment\Tags\Tag\Targets\TagEditionUID
definition:
A unique ID to identify the EditionEntry(s) the tags belong to.
usage notes:
If the value is 0 at this level, the tags apply to all editions in the Segment. If set to any other value, it MUST match the EditionUID value of an edition found in this Segment.
TagChapterUID Element
id / type / default:
0x63C4 / uinteger / 0
path:
\Segment\Tags\Tag\Targets\TagChapterUID
definition:
A unique ID to identify the Chapter(s) the tags belong to.
usage notes:
If the value is 0 at this level, the tags apply to all chapters in the Segment. If set to any other value, it MUST match the ChapterUID value of a chapter found in this Segment.
TagAttachmentUID Element
id / type / default:
0x63C6 / uinteger / 0
path:
\Segment\Tags\Tag\Targets\TagAttachmentUID
definition:
A unique ID to identify the Attachment(s) the tags belong to.
usage notes:
If the value is 0 at this level, the tags apply to all the attachments in the Segment. If set to any other value, it MUST match the FileUID value of an attachment found in this Segment.
SimpleTag Element
id / type:
0x67C8 / master
path:
\Segment\Tags\Tag\+SimpleTag
minOccurs:
1
recursive: True
definition:
Contains general information about the target.
TagName Element
id / type:
0x45A3 / utf-8
path:
\Segment\Tags\Tag\+SimpleTag\TagName
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
1 / 1
definition:
The name of the Tag that is going to be stored.
TagLanguage Element
id / type / default:
0x447A / string / und
path:
\Segment\Tags\Tag\+SimpleTag\TagLanguage
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
1 / 1
definition:
Specifies the language of the tag specified, in the Matroska languages form; see Section 12 on language codes. This Element MUST be ignored if the TagLanguageBCP47 Element is used within the same SimpleTag Element.
TagLanguageBCP47 Element
id / type:
0x447B / string
path:
\Segment\Tags\Tag\+SimpleTag\TagLanguageBCP47
maxOccurs:
1
minver:
4
definition:
Specifies the language used in the TagString according to [BCP47] and using the IANA Language Subtag Registry [IANALangRegistry]. If this Element is used, then any TagLanguage Elements used in the same SimpleTag MUST be ignored.
TagDefault Element
id / type / default:
0x4484 / uinteger / 1
range:
0-1
path:
\Segment\Tags\Tag\+SimpleTag\TagDefault
minOccurs / maxOccurs:
1 / 1
definition:
A boolean value to indicate if this is the default/original language to use for the given tag.
TagString Element
id / type:
0x4487 / utf-8
path:
\Segment\Tags\Tag\+SimpleTag\TagString
maxOccurs:
1
definition:
The value of the Tag.
TagBinary Element
id / type:
0x4485 / binary
path:
\Segment\Tags\Tag\+SimpleTag\TagBinary
maxOccurs:
1
definition:
The values of the Tag, if it is binary. Note that this cannot be used in the same SimpleTag as TagString.
Matroska Element Ordering
Except for the EBML Header and the CRC-32 Element, the EBML specification does not require any particular storage order for Elements. This specification however defines mandates and recommendations for ordering certain Elements in order to facilitate better playback, seeking, and editing efficiency. This section describes and offers rationale for ordering requirements and recommendations for Matroska.
Top-Level Elements
The Info Element is the only REQUIRED Top-Level Element in a Matroska file. To be playable, Matroska MUST also contain at least one Tracks Element and Cluster Element. The first Info Element and the first Tracks Element MUST either be stored before the first Cluster Element or both SHALL be referenced by a SeekHead Element occurring before the first Cluster Element.
When using Medium Linking, chapters are used to reference other Segments to play in a given order Section 16.2. In that case the Segment containing in these Chapters do no required a Track Element or a Cluster Element.
It is possible to edit a Matroska file after it has been created. For example, chapters, tags, or attachments can be added. When new Top-Level Elements are added to a Matroska file, the SeekHead Element(s) MUST be updated so that the SeekHead Element(s) itemize the identity and position of all Top-Level Elements.
Editing, removing, or adding Elements to a Matroska file often requires that some existing Elements be voided or extended. Transforming the existing Elements into Void Elements as padding can be used as a method to avoid moving large amounts of data around.
CRC-32
As noted by the EBML specification, if a CRC-32 Element is used, then the CRC-32 Element MUST be the first ordered Element within its Parent Element.
In Matroska all Top-Level Elements of an EBML Document SHOULD include a CRC-32 Element as a their first Child Element. The Segment Element, which is the Root Element, SHOULD NOT have a CRC-32 Element.
SeekHead
If used, the first SeekHead Element MUST be the first non-CRC-32 Child Element of the Segment Element. If a second SeekHead Element is used, then the first SeekHead Element MUST reference the identity and position of the second SeekHead.
Additionally, the second SeekHead Element MUST only reference Cluster Elements and not any other Top-Level Element already contained within the first SeekHead Element.
The second SeekHead Element MAY be stored in any order relative to the other Top-Level Elements. Whether one or two SeekHead Element(s) are used, the SeekHead Element(s) MUST collectively reference the identity and position of all Top-Level Elements except for the first SeekHead Element.
Cues (index)
The Cues Element is RECOMMENDED to optimize seeking access in Matroska. It is programmatically simpler to add the Cues Element after all Cluster Elements have been written because this does not require a prediction of how much space to reserve before writing the Cluster Elements. However, storing the Cues Element before the Cluster Elements can provide some seeking advantages. If the Cues Element is present, then it SHOULD either be stored before the first Cluster Element or be referenced by a SeekHead Element.
Info
The first Info Element SHOULD occur before the first Tracks Element and first Cluster Element except when referenced by a SeekHead Element.
Chapters Element
The Chapters Element SHOULD be placed before the Cluster Element(s). The Chapters Element can be used during playback even if the user does not need to seek. It immediately gives the user information about what section is being read and what other sections are available. In the case of Ordered Chapters it is RECOMMENDED to evaluate the logical linking even before playing. The Chapters Element SHOULD be placed before the first Tracks Element and after the first Info Element.
Attachments
The Attachments Element is not intended to be used by default when playing the file, but could contain information relevant to the content, such as cover art or fonts. Cover art is useful even before the file is played and fonts could be needed before playback starts for initialization of subtitles. The Attachments Element MAY be placed before the first Cluster Element; however if the Attachments Element is likely to be edited, then it SHOULD be placed after the last Cluster Element.
Tags
The Tags Element is most subject to changes after the file was originally created. For easier editing, the Tags Element SHOULD be placed at the end of the Segment Element, even after the Attachments Element. On the other hand, it is inconvenient to have to seek in the Segment for tags, especially for network streams. So it's better if the Tags Element is found early in the stream. When editing the Tags Element, the original Tags Element at the beginning can be overwritten with a Void Element and a new Tags Element written at the end of the Segment Element. The file size will only marginally change.
Matroska versioning
Matroska is based upon the principle that a reading application does not have to support 100% of the specifications in order to be able to play the file. A Matroska file therefore contains version indicators that tell a reading application what to expect.
It is possible and valid to have the version fields indicate that the file contains Matroska Elements from a higher specification version number while signaling that a reading application MUST only support a lower version number properly in order to play it back (possibly with a reduced feature set).
The EBML Header of each Matroska document informs the reading application on what version of Matroska to expect. The Elements within EBML Header with jurisdiction over this information are DocTypeVersion and DocTypeReadVersion.
DocTypeVersion MUST be equal to or greater than the highest Matroska version number of any Element present in the Matroska file. For example, a file using the SimpleBlock Element (Section 5.1.3.3) MUST have a DocTypeVersion equal to or greater than 2. A file containing CueRelativePosition Elements (Section 5.1.5.1.2.3) MUST have a DocTypeVersion equal to or greater than 4.
The DocTypeReadVersion MUST contain the minimum version number that a reading application can minimally support in order to play the file back -- optionally with a reduced feature set. For example, if a file contains only Elements of version 2 or lower except for CueRelativePosition (which is a version 4 Matroska Element), then DocTypeReadVersion SHOULD still be set to 2 and not 4 because evaluating CueRelativePosition is not necessary for standard playback -- it makes seeking more precise if used.
A reading application supporting Matroska version V MUST NOT refuse to read an application with DocReadTypeVersion equal to or lower than V even if DocTypeVersion is greater than V.
A reading application supporting at least Matroska version V reading a file whose DocTypeReadVersion field is equal to or lower than V MUST skip Matroska/EBML Elements it encounters but does not know about if that unknown element fits into the size constraints set by the current Parent Element.
Stream Copy
It is sometimes necessary to create a Matroska file from another Matroska file, for example to add subtitles in a language or to edit out a portion of the content. Some values from the original Matroska file needs to be kept the same in the destination file. For example the SamplingFrequency of an audio track wouldn't change between the two files. Some other values may change between the two files, for example the TrackNumber of an audio track when another track has been added.
Elements are marked with a property: stream copy: True when the values need to be kept between the source and destination file. If that property is not set, elements may or may not keep the same value between the source and destination.
DefaultDecodedFieldDuration
The DefaultDecodedFieldDuration Element can signal to the displaying application how often fields of a video sequence will be available for displaying. It can be used for both interlaced and progressive content. If the video sequence is signaled as interlaced, then the period between two successive fields at the output of the decoding process equals DefaultDecodedFieldDuration.
For video sequences signaled as progressive, it is twice the value of DefaultDecodedFieldDuration.
These values are valid at the end of the decoding process before post-processing (such as deinterlacing or inverse telecine) is applied.
Examples:
- Blu-ray movie: 1000000000ns/(48/1.001) = 20854167ns
- PAL broadcast/DVD: 1000000000ns/(50/1.000) = 20000000ns
- N/ATSC broadcast: 1000000000ns/(60/1.001) = 16683333ns
- hard-telecined DVD: 1000000000ns/(60/1.001) = 16683333ns (60 encoded interlaced fields per second)
- soft-telecined DVD: 1000000000ns/(60/1.001) = 16683333ns (48 encoded interlaced fields per second, with "repeatfirstfield = 1")
Block Structure
Bit 0 is the most significant bit.
Frames using references SHOULD be stored in "coding order". That means the references first, and then the frames referencing them. A consequence is that timestamps might not be consecutive. But a frame with a past timestamp MUST reference a frame already known, otherwise it's considered bad/void.
Block Header
Block Header base parts
Offset | Player | Description
0x00+ | MUST | Track Number (Track Entry). It is coded in EBML like form (1 octet if the value is < 0x80, 2 if < 0x4000, etc) (most significant bits set to increase the range).
0x01+ | MUST | Timestamp (relative to Cluster timestamp, signed int16)
Block Header Flags
Block Header flags part
Offset | Bit | Player | Description
0x03+ | 0-3 | - | Reserved, set to 0
0x03+ | 4 | - | Invisible, the codec SHOULD decode this frame but not display it
0x03+ | 5-6 | MUST | Lacing
| | | * 00 : no lacing
| | | * 01 : Xiph lacing
| | | * 11 : EBML lacing
| | | * 10 : fixed-size lacing
0x03+ | 7 | - | not used
SimpleBlock Structure
The SimpleBlock is inspired by the Block structure; see Section 10. The main differences are the added Keyframe flag and Discardable flag. Otherwise everything is the same.
Bit 0 is the most significant bit.
Frames using references SHOULD be stored in "coding order". That means the references first, and then the frames referencing them. A consequence is that timestamps might not be consecutive. But a frame with a past timestamp MUST reference a frame already known, otherwise it's considered bad/void.
SimpleBlock Header
SimpleBlock Header base parts
Offset | Player | Description
0x00+ | MUST | Track Number (Track Entry). It is coded in EBML like form (1 octet if the value is < 0x80, 2 if < 0x4000, etc) (most significant bits set to increase the range).
0x01+ | MUST | Timestamp (relative to Cluster timestamp, signed int16)
SimpleBlock Header Flags
SimpleBlock Header flags part
Offset | Bit | Player | Description
0x03+ | 0 | - | Keyframe, set when the Block contains only keyframes
0x03+ | 1-3 | - | Reserved, set to 0
0x03+ | 4 | - | Invisible, the codec SHOULD decode this frame but not display it
0x03+ | 5-6 | MUST | Lacing
| | | * 00 : no lacing
| | | * 01 : Xiph lacing
| | | * 11 : EBML lacing
| | | * 10 : fixed-size lacing
0x03+ | 7 | - | Discardable, the frames of the Block can be discarded during playing if needed
Block Lacing
Lacing is a mechanism to save space when storing data. It is typically used for small blocks of data (referred to as frames in Matroska). It packs multiple frames into a single Block or SimpleBlock.
Lacing MUST NOT be used to store a single frame in a Block or SimpleBlock.
There are 3 types of lacing:
1. Xiph, inspired by what is found in the Ogg container [RFC3533]
2. EBML, which is the same with sizes coded differently
3. fixed-size, where the size is not coded
When lacing is not used, i.e. to store a single frame, the lacing bits 5 and 6 of the Block or SimpleBlock MUST be set to zero.
For example, a user wants to store 3 frames of the same track. The first frame is 800 octets long, the second is 500 octets long and the third is 1000 octets long. As these data are small, they can be stored in a lace to save space.
It is possible not to use lacing at all and just store a single frame without any extra data. When the FlagLacing -- Section 5.1.4.1.12 -- is set to "0" all blocks of that track MUST NOT use lacing.
No lacing
When no lacing is used, the number of frames in the lace is ommitted and only one frame can be stored in the Block. The bits 5-6 of the Block Header flags are set to 00.
The Block for a 800 octets frame is as follows:
No lacing
Block Octets | Value | Description
4-803 | <frame> | Single frame data
When a Block contains a single frame, it MUST use this No lacing mode.
Xiph lacing
The Xiph lacing uses the same coding of size as found in the Ogg container [RFC3533]. The bits 5-6 of the Block Header flags are set to 01.
The Block data with laced frames is stored as follows:
- Lacing Head on 1 Octet: Number of frames in the lace minus 1.
- Lacing size of each frame except the last one.
- Binary data of each frame consecutively.
The lacing size is split into 255 values, stored as unsigned octets -- for example, 500 is coded 255;245 or [0xFF 0xF5]. A frame with a size multiple of 255 is coded with a 0 at the end of the size -- for example, 765 is coded 255;255;255;0 or [0xFF 0xFF 0xFF 0x00].
The size of the last frame is deduced from the size remaining in the Block after the other frames.
Because large sizes result in large coding of the sizes, it is RECOMMENDED to use Xiph lacing only with small frames.
In our example, the 800, 500 and 1000 frames are stored with Xiph lacing in a Block as follows:
Xiph lacing example
Block Octet | Value | Description
4 | 0x02 | Number of frames minus 1
5-8 | 0xFF 0xFF 0xFF 0x23 | Size of the first frame (255;255;255;35)
9-10 | 0xFF 0xF5 | Size of the second frame (255;245)
11-810 | | First frame data
811-1310 | | Second frame data
1311-2310 | | Third frame data
The Block is 2311 octets large and the last frame starts at 1311, so we can deduce the size of the last frame is 2311 - 1311 = 1000.
EBML lacing
The EBML lacing encodes the frame size with an EBML-like encoding [RFC8794]. The bits 5-6 of the Block Header flags are set to 11.
The Block data with laced frames is stored as follows:
- Lacing Head on 1 Octet: Number of frames in the lace minus 1.
- Lacing size of each frame except the last one.
- Binary data of each frame consecutively.
The first frame size is encoded as an EBML Unsigned Integer Element value. The other frame sizes are encoded as a difference with the previous frame size as EBML Signed Integer Element values. That corresponds to an EBML Data Size Values with two's complement notation with the leftmost bit being the sign bit as found in [RFC8794], giving this range of values:
EBML Lacing bits usage
Bit Representation | Value
1xxx xxxx | value -(2^6-1) to 2^6-1 (ie 0 to 2^7-2 minus 2^6-1, half of the range)
01xx xxxx xxxx xxxx | value -(2^{13}-1) to 2^{13}-1
001x xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx | value -(2^{20}-1) to 2^{20}-1
0001 xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx | value -(2^{27}-1) to 2^{27}-1
0000 1xxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx | value -(2^{34}-1) to 2^{34}-1
0000 01xx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx | value -(2^{41}-1) to 2^{41}-1
0000 001x xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx | value -(2^{48}-1) to 2^{48}-1
In our example, the 800, 500 and 1000 frames are stored with EBML lacing in a Block as follows:
EBML lacing example
Block Octets | Value | Description
4 | 0x02 | Number of frames minus 1
5-6 | 0x43 0x20 | Size of the first frame (800 = 0x320 + 0x4000)
7-8 | 0x5E 0xD3 | Size of the second frame (500 - 800 = -300 = - 0x12C + 0x1FFF + 0x4000)
8-807 | <frame1> | First frame data
808-1307 | <frame2> | Second frame data
1308-2307 | <frame3> | Third frame data
The Block is 2308 octets large and the last frame starts at 1308, so we can deduce the size of the last frame is 2308 - 1308 = 1000.
Fixed-size lacing
The Fixed-size lacing doesn't store the frame size, only the number of frames in the lace. Each frame MUST have the same size. The frame size of each frame is deduced from the total size of the Block. The bits 5-6 of the Block Header flags are set to 10.
The Block data with laced frames is stored as follows:
- Lacing Head on 1 Octet: Number of frames in the lace minus 1.
- Binary data of each frame consecutively.
For example, for 3 frames of 800 octets each:
Fixed-size lacing example
Block Octets | Value | Description
4 | 0x02 | Number of frames minus 1
5-804 | <frame1> | First frame data
805-1604 | <frame2> | Second frame data
1605-2404 | <frame3> | Third frame data
This gives a Block of 2405 octets. When reading the Block we find that there are 3 frames (Octet 4). The data start at Octet 5, so the size of each frame is (2405 - 5) / 3 = 800.
Laced Frames Timestamp
A Block only contains a single timestamp value. But when lacing is used, it contains more than one frame. Each frame originally has its own timestamp, or Presentation Timestamp (PTS). That timestamp applies to the first frame in the lace.
In the lace, each frame after the first one has an underdetermined timestamp. But each of these frames MUST be contiguous -- i.e. the decoded data MUST NOT contain any gap between them. If there is a gap in the stream, the frames around the gap MUST NOT be in the same Block.
Lacing is only useful for small contiguous data to save space. This is usually the case for audio tracks and not the case for video -- which use a lot of data -- or subtitle tracks -- which have long gaps. For audio, there is usually a fixed output sampling frequency for the whole track. So the decoder should be able to recover the timestamp of each sample, knowing each output sample is contiguous with a fixed frequency. For subtitles this is usually not the case so lacing SHOULD NOT be used.
Random Access Points
Random Access Points (RAP) are positions where the parser can seek to and start playback without decoding of what was before. In Matroska BlockGroups and SimpleBlocks can be RAPs. To seek to these elements it is still necessary to seek to the Cluster containing them, read the Cluster Timestamp and start playback from the BlockGroup or SimpleBlock that is a RAP.
Because a Matroska File is usually composed of multiple tracks playing at the same time -- video, audio and subtitles -- to seek properly to a RAP, each selected track must be taken in account. Usually all audio and subtitle BlockGroup or SimpleBlock are RAP. They are independent of each other and can be played randomly.
Video tracks on the other hand often use references to previous and future frames for better coding efficiency. Frames with such reference MUST either contain one or more ReferenceBlock Elements in their BlockGroup or MUST be marked as non-keyframe in a SimpleBlock; see Section 10.3.2.
- BlockGroup with a frame that references another frame, with the EBML tree shown as XML:
<Cluster>
  <Timestamp>123456</Timestamp>
  <BlockGroup>
    <!-- References a Block 40 Track Ticks before this one -->
    <ReferenceBlock>-40</ReferenceBlock>
    <Block/>
  </BlockGroup>
  ...
</Cluster>

- SimpleBlock with a frame that references another frame, with the EBML tree shown as XML:
<Cluster>
  <Timestamp>123456</Timestamp>
  <SimpleBlock/> (octet 3 bit 0 not set)
  ...
</Cluster>

Frames that are RAP -- i.e. they don't depend on other frames -- MUST set the keyframe flag if they are in a SimpleBlock or their parent BlockGroup MUST NOT contain a ReferenceBlock.
- BlockGroup with a frame that references no other frame, with the EBML tree shown as XML:
<Cluster>
  <Timestamp>123456</Timestamp>
  <BlockGroup>
    <!-- No ReferenceBlock allowed in this BlockGroup -->
    <Block/>
  </BlockGroup>
  ...
</Cluster>

- SimpleBlock with a frame that references no other frame, with the EBML tree shown as XML:
<Cluster>
  <Timestamp>123456</Timestamp>
  <SimpleBlock/> (octet 3 bit 0 set)
  ...
</Cluster>

There may be cases where the use of BlockGroup is necessary, as the frame may need a BlockDuration, BlockAdditions, CodecState or a DiscardPadding element. For thoses cases a SimpleBlock MUST NOT be used, the reference information SHOULD be recovered for non-RAP frames.
- SimpleBlock with a frame that references another frame, with the EBML tree shown as XML:
<Cluster>
  <Timestamp>123456</Timestamp>
  <SimpleBlock/> (octet 3 bit 0 not set)
  ...
</Cluster>

- Same frame that references another frame put inside a BlockGroup to add BlockDuration, with the EBML tree shown as XML:
<Cluster>
  <Timestamp>123456</Timestamp>
  <BlockGroup>
    <!-- ReferenceBlock value recovered based on the codec -->
    <ReferenceBlock>-40</ReferenceBlock>
    <BlockDuration>20<BlockDuration>
    <Block/>
  </BlockGroup>
  ...
</Cluster>

When a frame in a BlockGroup is not a RAP, all references SHOULD be listed as a ReferenceBlock, at least some of them, even if not accurate, or one ReferenceBlock with the value "0" corresponding to a self or unknown reference. The lack of ReferenceBlock would mean such a frame is a RAP and seeking on that frame that actually depends on other frames MAY create bogus output or even crash.
- Same frame that references another frame put inside a BlockGroup but the reference could not be recovered, with the EBML tree shown as XML:
<Cluster>
  <Timestamp>123456</Timestamp>
  <BlockGroup>
    <!-- ReferenceBlock value not recovered from the codec -->
    <ReferenceBlock>0</ReferenceBlock>
    <BlockDuration>20<BlockDuration>
    <Block/>
  </BlockGroup>
  ...
</Cluster>

- BlockGroup with a frame that references two other frames, with the EBML tree shown as XML:
<Cluster>
  <Timestamp>123456</Timestamp>
  <BlockGroup>
    <!-- References a Block 80 Track Ticks before this one -->
    <ReferenceBlock>-80</ReferenceBlock>
    <!-- References a Block 40 Track Ticks after this one -->
    <ReferenceBlock>40</ReferenceBlock>
    <Block/>
  </BlockGroup>
  ...
</Cluster>

Intra-only video frames, such as the ones found in AV1 or VP9, can be decoded without any other frame, but they don't reset the codec state. So seeking to these frames is not possible as the next frames may need frames that are not known from this seeking point. Such intra-only frames MUST NOT be considered as keyframes so the keyframe flag MUST NOT be set in the SimpleBlock or a ReferenceBlock MUST be used to signify the frame is not a RAP. The timestamp value of the ReferenceBlock MUST be "0", meaning it's referencing itself.
- Intra-only frame not an RAP, with the EBML tree shown as XML:
<Cluster>
  <Timestamp>123456</Timestamp>
  <BlockGroup>
    <!-- References itself to mark it should not be used as RAP -->
    <ReferenceBlock>0</ReferenceBlock>
    <Block/>
  </BlockGroup>
  ...
</Cluster>

Because a video SimpleBlock has less references information than a video BlockGroup, it is possible to remux a video track using BlockGroup into a SimpleBlock, as long as it doesn't use any other BlockGroup features than ReferenceBlock.
Timestamps
Historically timestamps in Matroska were mistakenly called timecodes. The Timestamp Element was called Timecode, the TimestampScale Element was called TimecodeScale, the TrackTimestampScale Element was called TrackTimecodeScale and the ReferenceTimestamp Element was called ReferenceTimeCode.
Timestamp Ticks
All timestamp values in Matroska are expressed in multiples of a tick. They are usually stored as integers. There are three types of ticks possible:
Matroska Ticks
For such elements, the timestamp value is stored directly in nanoseconds.
The elements storing values in Matroska Ticks/nanoseconds are:
- TrackEntry\DefaultDuration; defined in Section 5.1.4.1.15
- TrackEntry\DefaultDecodedFieldDuration; defined in Section 5.1.4.1.16
- TrackEntry\SeekPreRoll; defined in Section 5.1.4.1.29
- TrackEntry\CodecDelay; defined in Section 5.1.4.1.28
- BlockGroup\DiscardPadding; defined in Section 5.1.3.4.7
- ChapterAtom\ChapterTimeStart; defined in Section 5.1.7.1.4.3
- ChapterAtom\ChapterTimeEnd; defined in Section 5.1.7.1.4.4
- CuePoint\CueTime; defined in Section 5.1.5.1.1
- CueReference\CueRefTime; defined in Section 5.1.5.1.1
Segment Ticks
Elements in Segment Ticks involve the use of the TimestampScale Element of the Segment to get the timestamp in nanoseconds of the element, with the following formula:
timestamp in nanosecond = element value * TimestampScale

This allows storing smaller integer values in the elements.
When using the default value of TimestampScale of "1,000,000", one Segment Tick represents one millisecond.
The elements storing values in Segment Ticks are:
- Cluster\Timestamp; defined in Section 5.1.3.1
- Info\Duration is stored as a floating point but the same formula applies; defined in Section 5.1.2.10
- CuePoint\CueTrackPositions\CueDuration; defined in Section 5.1.5.1.2.4
Track Ticks
Elements in Track Ticks involve the use of the TimestampScale Element of the Segment and the TrackTimestampScale Element of the Track to get the timestamp in nanoseconds of the element, with the following formula:
timestamp in nanoseconds =
    element value * TrackTimestampScale * TimestampScale

This allows storing smaller integer values in the elements. The resulting floating point values of the timestamps are still expressed in nanoseconds.
When using the default values for TimestampScale and TrackTimestampScale of "1,000,000" and of "1.0" respectively, one Track Tick represents one millisecond.
The elements storing values in Track Ticks are:
- Cluster\BlockGroup\Block and Cluster\SimpleBlock timestamps; detailed in Section 11.2
- Cluster\BlockGroup\BlockDuration; defined in Section 5.1.3.4.3
- Cluster\BlockGroup\ReferenceBlock; defined in Section 5.1.3.4.5
When the TrackTimestampScale is interpreted as "1.0", Track Ticks are equivalent to Segment Ticks and give an integer value in nanoseconds. This is the most common case as TrackTimestampScale is usually omitted.
A value of TrackTimestampScale other than "1.0" MAY be used to scale the timestamps more in tune with each Track sampling frequency. For historical reasons, a lot of Matroska readers don't take the TrackTimestampScale value in account. So using a value other than "1.0" MAY not work in many places.
Block Timestamps
A Block Element and SimpleBlock Element timestamp is the time when the decoded data of the first frame in the Block/SimpleBlock MUST be presented, if the track of that Block/SimpleBlock is selected for playback. This is also known as the Presentation Timestamp (PTS).
The Block Element and SimpleBlock Element store their timestamps as signed integers, relative to the Cluster\Timestamp value of the Cluster they are stored in. To get the timestamp of a Block or SimpleBlock in nanoseconds you have to use the following formula:
( Cluster\Timestamp + ( block timestamp * TrackTimestampScale ) ) *
TimestampScale

The Block Element and SimpleBlock Element store their timestamps as 16bit signed integers, allowing a range from "-32768" to "+32767" Track Ticks. Although these values can be negative, when added to the Cluster\Timestamp, the resulting frame timestamp SHOULD NOT be negative.
When a CodecDelay Element is set, its value MUST be substracted from each Block timestamp of that track. To get the timestamp in nanoseconds of the first frame in a Block or SimpleBlock, the formula becomes:
( ( Cluster\Timestamp + ( block timestamp * TrackTimestampScale ) ) *
  TimestampScale ) - CodecDelay

The resulting frame timestamp SHOULD NOT be negative.
During playback, when a frame has a negative timestamp, the content MUST be decoded by the decoder but not played to the user.
TimestampScale Rounding
The default Track Tick duration is one millisecond.
The TimestampScale is a floating value, which is usually 1.0. But when it's not, the multiplied Block Timestamp is a floating values in nanoseconds. The Matroska Reader SHOULD use the nearest rounding value in nanosecond to get the proper nanosecond timestamp of a Block. This allows some clever TimestampScale values to have more refined timestampt precision per frame.
Language Codes
Matroska from version 1 through 3 uses language codes that can be either the 3 letters bibliographic ISO-639-2 form [ISO639-2] (like "fre" for french), or such a language code followed by a dash and a country code for specialities in languages (like "fre-ca" for Canadian French). The ISO 639-2 Language Elements are "Language Element", "TagLanguage Element", and "ChapLanguage Element".
Starting in Matroska version 4, either [ISO639-2] or [BCP47] MAY be used, although BCP 47 is RECOMMENDED. The BCP 47 Language Elements are "LanguageBCP47 Element", "TagLanguageBCP47 Element", and "ChapLanguageBCP47 Element". If a BCP 47 Language Element and an ISO 639-2 Language Element are used within the same Parent Element, then the ISO 639-2 Language Element MUST be ignored and precedence given to the BCP 47 Language Element.
Country codes are the same 2 octets country-codes as in Internet domains [IANADomains] based on [ISO3166-1] alpha-2 codes.
Encryption
Encryption in Matroska is designed in a very generic style to allow people to implement whatever form of encryption is best for them. It is possible to use the encryption framework in Matroska as a type of DRM (Digital Rights Management).
This document does not specify any kind of standard for encrypting elements. The issue of key scheduling, authorisation, and authentication are out of scope. External entities have used these elements in proprietary ways.
Because encryption occurs within the Block Element, it is possible to manipulate encrypted streams without decrypting them. The streams could potentially be copied, deleted, cut, appended, or any number of other possible editing techniques without decryption. The data can be used without having to expose it or go through the decrypting process.
Encryption can also be layered within Matroska. This means that two completely different types of encryption can be used, requiring two separate keys to be able to decrypt a stream.
Encryption information is stored in the ContentEncodings Element under the ContentEncryption Element.
For encryption systems sharing public/private keys, the creation of the keys and the exchange of keys are not covered by this document. They have to be handled by the system using Matroska.
The ContentEncodingScope Element gives an idea of which part of the track are encrypted. But each ContentEncAlgo Element and its sub elements like AESSettingsCipherMode really define how the encrypted should be exactly interpreted.
The AES-CTR system, which corresponds to ContentEncAlgo = 5 (Section 5.1.4.1.34.9) and AESSettingsCipherMode = 1 (Section 5.1.4.1.34.12), is defined in the [WebM-Enc] document.
Image Presentation
Cropping
The PixelCrop Elements (PixelCropTop, PixelCropBottom, PixelCropRight, and PixelCropLeft) indicate when, and by how much, encoded videos frames SHOULD be cropped for display. These Elements allow edges of the frame that are not intended for display, such as the sprockets of a full-frame film scan or the VANC area of a digitized analog videotape, to be stored but hidden. PixelCropTop and PixelCropBottom store an integer of how many rows of pixels SHOULD be cropped from the top and bottom of the image (respectively). PixelCropLeft and PixelCropRight store an integer of how many columns of pixels SHOULD be cropped from the left and right of the image (respectively). For example, a pillar-boxed video that stores a 1440x1080 visual image within the center of a padded 1920x1080 encoded image MAY set both PixelCropLeft and PixelCropRight to "240", so that a Matroska Player SHOULD crop off 240 columns of pixels from the left and right of the encoded image to present the image with the pillar-boxes hidden.
Cropping has to be performed before resizing and the display dimensions given by DisplayWidth, DisplayHeight and DisplayUnit apply to the already cropped image.
Rotation
The ProjectionPoseRoll Element (see Section 5.1.4.1.31.46) can be used to indicate that the image from the associated video track SHOULD be rotated for presentation. For instance, the following representation of the Projection Element Section 5.1.4.1.31.41) and the ProjectionPoseRoll Element represents a video track where the image SHOULD be presented with a 90 degree counter-clockwise rotation, with the EBML tree shown as XML :
Rotation example.
<Projection>
  <ProjectionPoseRoll>90</ProjectionPoseRoll>
</Projection>

Segment Position
The Segment Position of an Element refers to the position of the first octet of the Element ID of that Element, measured in octets, from the beginning of the Element Data section of the containing Segment Element. In other words, the Segment Position of an Element is the distance in octets from the beginning of its containing Segment Element minus the size of the Element ID and Element Data Size of that Segment Element. The Segment Position of the first Child Element of the Segment Element is 0. An Element which is not stored within a Segment Element, such as the Elements of the EBML Header, do not have a Segment Position.
Segment Position Exception
Elements that are defined to store a Segment Position MAY define reserved values to indicate a special meaning.
Example of Segment Position
This table presents an example of Segment Position by showing a hexadecimal representation of a very small Matroska file with labels to show the offsets in octets. The file contains a Segment Element with an Element ID of "0x18538067" and a MuxingApp Element with an Element ID of "0x4D80".
     0                             1                             2
     0  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9  0  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9  0
     +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+
   0 |1A|45|DF|A3|8B|42|82|88|6D|61|74|72|6F|73|6B|61|
     ^ EBML Header
   0 |                                               |18|53|80|67|
                                                     ^ Segment ID
  20 |93|
     ^ Segment Data Size
  20 |  |15|49|A9|66|8E|4D|80|84|69|65|74|66|57|41|84|69|65|74|66|
        ^ Start of Segment data
  20 |                 |4D|80|84|69|65|74|66|57|41|84|69|65|74|66|
                       ^ MuxingApp start

In the above example, the Element ID of the Segment Element is stored at offset 16, the Element Data Size of the Segment Element is stored at offset 20, and the Element Data of the Segment Element is stored at offset 21.
The MuxingApp Element is stored at offset 26. Since the Segment Position of an Element is calculated by subtracting the position of the Element Data of the containing Segment Element from the position of that Element, the Segment Position of MuxingApp Element in the above example is '26 - 21' or '5'.
Linked Segments
Matroska provides several methods to link two or more Segment Elements together to create a Linked Segment. A Linked Segment is a set of multiple Segments linked together into a single presentation by using Hard Linking or Medium Linking.
All Segments within a Linked Segment MUST have a SegmentUUID.
All Segments within a Linked Segment SHOULD be stored within the same directory or be accessible quickly based on their SegmentUUID in order to have seamless transition between segments.
All Segments within a Linked Segment MAY set a SegmentFamily with a common value to make it easier for a Matroska Player to know which Segments are meant to be played together.
The SegmentFilename, PrevFilename and NextFilename elements MAY also give hints on the original filenames that were used when the Segment links were created, in case some SegmentUUID are damaged.
Hard Linking
Hard Linking, also called splitting, is the process of creating a Linked Segment by linking multiple Segment Elements using the NextUUID and PrevUUID Elements.
All Segments within a Hard Linked Segment MUST use the same Tracks list and TimestampScale.
Within a Linked Segment, the timestamps of Block and SimpleBlock MUST follow consecutively the timestamps of Block and SimpleBlock from the previous Segment in linking order.
With Hard Linking, the chapters of any Segment within the Linked Segment MUST only reference the current Segment. The NextUUID and PrevUUID reference the respective SegmentUUID values of the next and previous Segments.
The first Segment of a Linked Segment MUST NOT have a PrevUUID Element. The last Segment of a Linked Segment MUST NOT have a NextUUID Element.
For each node of the chain of Segments of a Linked Segment at least one Segment MUST reference the other Segment of the node.
In a chain of Segments of a Linked Segment the NextUUID always takes precedence over the PrevUUID. So if SegmentA has a NextUUID to SegmentB and SegmentB has a PrevUUID to SegmentC, the link to use is NextUUID between SegmentA and SegmentB, SegmentC is not part of the Linked Segment.
If SegmentB has a PrevUUID to SegmentA but SegmentA has no NextUUID, then the Matroska Player MAY consider these two Segments linked as SegmentA followed by SegmentB.
As an example, three Segments can be Hard Linked as a Linked Segment through cross-referencing each other with SegmentUUID, PrevUUID, and NextUUID, as in this table:
Usual Hard Linking UIDs
file name | SegmentUUID | PrevUUID | NextUUID
start.mkv | 71000c23cd310998 53fbc94dd984a5dd | Invalid | a77b3598941cb803 eac0fcdafe44fac9
middle.mkv | a77b3598941cb803 eac0fcdafe44fac9 | 71000c23cd310998 53fbc94dd984a5dd | 6c92285fa6d3e827 b198d120ea3ac674
end.mkv | 6c92285fa6d3e827 b198d120ea3ac674 | a77b3598941cb803 eac0fcdafe44fac9 | Invalid
An other example where only the NextUUID Element is used:
Hard Linking without PrevUUID
file name | SegmentUUID | PrevUUID | NextUUID
start.mkv | 71000c23cd310998 53fbc94dd984a5dd | Invalid | a77b3598941cb803 eac0fcdafe44fac9
middle.mkv | a77b3598941cb803 eac0fcdafe44fac9 | n/a | 6c92285fa6d3e827 b198d120ea3ac674
end.mkv | 6c92285fa6d3e827 b198d120ea3ac674 | n/a | Invalid
An example where only the PrevUUID Element is used:
Hard Linking without NextUUID
file name | SegmentUUID | PrevUUID | NextUUID
start.mkv | 71000c23cd310998 53fbc94dd984a5dd | Invalid | n/a
middle.mkv | a77b3598941cb803 eac0fcdafe44fac9 | 71000c23cd310998 53fbc94dd984a5dd | n/a
end.mkv | 6c92285fa6d3e827 b198d120ea3ac674 | a77b3598941cb803 eac0fcdafe44fac9 | Invalid
In this example only the middle.mkv is using the PrevUUID and NextUUID Elements:
Hard Linking with mixed UID links
file name | SegmentUUID | PrevUUID | NextUUID
start.mkv | 71000c23cd310998 53fbc94dd984a5dd | Invalid | n/a
middle.mkv | a77b3598941cb803 eac0fcdafe44fac9 | 71000c23cd310998 53fbc94dd984a5dd | 6c92285fa6d3e827 b198d120ea3ac674
end.mkv | 6c92285fa6d3e827 b198d120ea3ac674 | n/a | Invalid
Medium Linking
Medium Linking creates relationships between Segments using Ordered Chapters (Section 19.1.3) and the ChapterSegmentUUID Element. A Chapter Edition with Ordered Chapters MAY contain Chapter elements that reference timestamp ranges from other Segments. The Segment referenced by the Ordered Chapter via the ChapterSegmentUUID Element SHOULD be played as part of a Linked Segment.
The timestamps of Segment content referenced by Ordered Chapters MUST be adjusted according to the cumulative duration of the the previous Ordered Chapters.
As an example a file named intro.mkv could have a SegmentUUID of "0xb16a58609fc7e60653a60c984fc11ead". Another file called program.mkv could use a Chapter Edition that contains two Ordered Chapters. The first chapter references the Segment of intro.mkv with the use of a ChapterSegmentUUID, ChapterSegmentEditionUID, ChapterTimeStart, and optionally a ChapterTimeEnd element. The second chapter references content within the Segment of program.mkv. A Matroska Player SHOULD recognize the Linked Segment created by the use of ChapterSegmentUUID in an enabled Edition and present the reference content of the two Segments as a single presentation.
The ChapterSegmentUUID represents the Segment that holds the content to play in place of the Linked Chapter. The ChapterSegmentUUID MUST NOT be the SegmentUUID of its own Segment.
There are 2 ways to use a chapter link: * Linked-Duration linking, * Linked-Edition linking
Linked-Duration
A Matroska Player MUST play the content of the linked Segment from the ChapterTimeStart until ChapterTimeEnd timestamp in place of the Linked Chapter.
ChapterTimeStart and ChapterTimeEnd represent timestamps in the Linked Segment matching the value of ChapterSegmentUUID. Their values MUST be in the range of the linked Segment duration.
The ChapterTimeEnd value MUST be set when using linked-duration chapter linking. ChapterSegmentEditionUID MUST NOT be set.
Linked-Edition
A Matroska Player MUST play the whole linked Edition of the linked Segment in place of the Linked Chapter.
ChapterSegmentEditionUID represents a valid Edition from the Linked Segment matching the value of ChapterSegmentUUID.
When using linked-edition chapter linking. ChapterTimeEnd is OPTIONAL.
Track Flags
Default flag
The "default track" flag is a hint for a Matroska Player indicating that a given track SHOULD be eligible to be automatically selected as the default track for a given language. If no tracks in a given language have the default track flag set, then all tracks in that language are eligible for automatic selection. This can be used to indicate that a track provides "regular service" suitable for users with default settings, as opposed to specialized services, such as commentary, hearing-impaired captions, or descriptive audio.
The Matroska Player MAY override the "default track" flag for any reason, including user preferences to prefer tracks providing accessibility services.
Forced flag
The "forced" flag tells the Matroska Player that it SHOULD display this subtitle track, even if user preferences usually would not call for any subtitles to be displayed alongside the current selected audio track. This can be used to indicate that a track contains translations of onscreen text, or of dialogue spoken in a different language than the track's primary one.
Hearing-impaired flag
The "hearing impaired" flag tells the Matroska Player that it SHOULD prefer this track when selecting a default track for a hearing-impaired user, and that it MAY prefer to select a different track when selecting a default track for a non-hearing-impaired user.
Visual-impaired flag
The "visual impaired" flag tells the Matroska Player that it SHOULD prefer this track when selecting a default track for a visually-impaired user, and that it MAY prefer to select a different track when selecting a default track for a non-visually-impaired user.
Descriptions flag
The "descriptions" flag tells the Matroska Player that this track is suitable to play via a text-to-speech system for a visually-impaired user, and that it SHOULD NOT automatically select this track when selecting a default track for a non-visually-impaired user.
Original flag
The "original" flag tells the Matroska Player that this track is in the original language, and that it SHOULD prefer it if configured to prefer original-language tracks of this track's type.
Commentary flag
The "commentary" flag tells the Matroska Player that this track contains commentary on the content.
Track Operation
TrackOperation allows combining multiple tracks to make a virtual one. It uses two separate system to combine tracks. One to create a 3D "composition" (left/right/background planes) and one to simplify join two tracks together to make a single track.
A track created with TrackOperation is a proper track with a UID and all its flags. However the codec ID is meaningless because each "sub" track needs to be decoded by its own decoder before the "operation" is applied. The Cues Elements corresponding to such a virtual track SHOULD be the sum of the Cues Elements for each of the tracks it's composed of (when the Cues are defined per track).
In the case of TrackJoinBlocks, the Block Elements (from BlockGroup and SimpleBlock) of all the tracks SHOULD be used as if they were defined for this new virtual Track. When two Block Elements have overlapping start or end timestamps, it's up to the underlying system to either drop some of these frames or render them the way they overlap. This situation SHOULD be avoided when creating such tracks as you can never be sure of the end result on different platforms.
Overlay Track
Overlay tracks SHOULD be rendered in the same channel as the track its linked to. When content is found in such a track, it SHOULD be played on the rendering channel instead of the original track.
Multi-planar and 3D videos
There are two different ways to compress 3D videos: have each eye track in a separate track and have one track have both eyes combined inside (which is more efficient, compression-wise). Matroska supports both ways.
For the single track variant, there is the StereoMode Element, which defines how planes are assembled in the track (mono or left-right combined). Odd values of StereoMode means the left plane comes first for more convenient reading. The pixel count of the track (PixelWidth/PixelHeight) is the raw amount of pixels, for example 3840x1080 for full HD side by side, and the DisplayWidth/DisplayHeight in pixels is the amount of pixels for one plane (1920x1080 for that full HD stream). Old stereo 3D were displayed using anaglyph (cyan and red colors separated). For compatibility with such movies, there is a value of the StereoMode that corresponds to AnaGlyph.
There is also a "packed" mode (values 13 and 14) which consists of packing two frames together in a Block using lacing. The first frame is the left eye and the other frame is the right eye (or vice versa). The frames SHOULD be decoded in that order and are possibly dependent on each other (P and B frames).
For separate tracks, Matroska needs to define exactly which track does what. TrackOperation with TrackCombinePlanes do that. For more details look at Section 17.8 on how TrackOperation works.
The 3D support is still in infancy and may evolve to support more features.
The StereoMode used to be part of Matroska v2 but it didn't meet the requirement for multiple tracks. There was also a bug in libmatroska prior to 0.9.0 that would save/read it as 0x53B9 instead of 0x53B8; see OldStereoMode (Section 5.1.4.1.31.5). Matroska Readers may support these legacy files by checking Matroska v2 or 0x53B9. The older values of StereoMode were 0: mono, 1: right eye, 2: left eye, 3: both eyes, the only values that can be found in OldStereoMode. They are not compatible with the StereoMode values found in Matroska v3 and above.
Default track selection
This section provides some example sets of Tracks and hypothetical user settings, along with indications of which ones a similarly-configured Matroska Player SHOULD automatically select for playback by default in such a situation. A player MAY provide additional settings with more detailed controls for more nuanced scenarios. These examples are provided as guidelines to illustrate the intended usages of the various supported Track flags, and their expected behaviors.
Track names are shown in English for illustrative purposes; actual files may have titles in the language of each track, or provide titles in multiple languages.
Audio Selection
Example track set:
Audio Tracks for default selection
No. | Type | Lang | Layout | Original | Default | Other flags | Name
1 | Video | und | N/A | N/A | N/A | None |
2 | Audio | eng | 5.1 | 1 | 1 | None |
3 | Audio | eng | 2.0 | 1 | 1 | None |
4 | Audio | eng | 2.0 | 1 | 0 | Visual-impaired | Descriptive audio
5 | Audio | esp | 5.1 | 0 | 1 | None |
6 | Audio | esp | 2.0 | 0 | 0 | Visual-impaired | Descriptive audio
7 | Audio | eng | 2.0 | 1 | 0 | Commentary | Director's Commentary
8 | Audio | eng | 2.0 | 1 | 0 | None | Karaoke
Here we have a file with 7 audio tracks, of which 5 are in English and 2 are in Spanish.
The English tracks all have the Original flag, indicating that English is the original content language.
Generally the player will first consider the track languages: if the player has an option to prefer original-language audio and the user has enabled it, then it should prefer one of the Original-flagged tracks. If configured to specifically prefer audio tracks in English or Spanish, the player should select one of the tracks in the corresponding language. The player may also wish to prefer an Original-flagged track if no tracks matching any of the user's explicitly-preferred languages are available.
Two of the tracks have the Visual-impaired flag. If the player has been configured to prefer such tracks, it should select one; otherwise, it should avoid them if possible.
If selecting an English track, when other settings have left multiple possible options, it may be useful to exclude the tracks that lack the Default flag: here, one provides descriptive service for the visually impaired (which has its own flag and may be automatically selected by user configuration, but is unsuitable for users with default-configured players), one is a commentary track (which has its own flag, which the player may or may not have specialized handling for), and the last contains karaoke versions of the music that plays during the film, which is an unusual specialized audio service that Matroska has no built-in support for indicating, so it's indicated in the track name instead. By not setting the Default flag on these specialized tracks, the file's author hints that they should not be automatically selected by a default-configured player.
Having narrowed its choices down, our example player now may have to select between tracks 2 and 3. The only difference between these tracks is their channel layouts: 2 is 5.1 surround, while 3 is stereo. If the player is aware that the output device is a pair of headphones or stereo speakers, it may wish to prefer the stereo mix automatically. On the other hand, if it knows that the device is a surround system, it may wish to prefer the surround mix.
If the player finishes analyzing all of the available audio tracks and finds that multiple seem equally and maximally preferable, it SHOULD default to the first of the group.
Subtitle selection
Example track set:
Subtitle Tracks for default selection
No. | Type | Lang | Original | Default | Forced | Other flags | Name
1 | Video | und | N/A | N/A | N/A | None |
2 | Audio | fra | 1 | 1 | N/A | None |
3 | Audio | por | 0 | 1 | N/A | None |
4 | Subtitles | fra | 1 | 1 | 0 | None |
5 | Subtitles | fra | 1 | 0 | 0 | Hearing-impaired | Captions for the hearing-impaired
6 | Subtitles | por | 0 | 1 | 0 | None |
7 | Subtitles | por | 0 | 0 | 1 | None | Signs
8 | Subtitles | por | 0 | 0 | 0 | Hearing-impaired | SDH
Here we have 2 audio tracks and 5 subtitle tracks. As we can see, French is the original language.
We'll start by discussing the case where the user prefers French (or Original-language) audio (or has explicitly selected the French audio track), and also prefers French subtitles.
In this case, if the player isn't configured to display captions when the audio matches their preferred subtitle languages, the player doesn't need to select a subtitle track at all.
If the user has indicated that they want captions to be displayed, the selection simply comes down to whether Hearing-impaired subtitles are preferred.
The situation for a user who prefers Portuguese subtitles starts out somewhat analogous. If they select the original French audio (either by explicit audio language preference, preference for Original-language tracks, or by explicitly selecting that track), then the selection once again comes down to the hearing-impaired preference.
However, the case where the Portuguese audio track is selected has an important catch: a Forced track in Portuguese is present. This may contain translations of onscreen text from the video track, or of portions of the audio that are not translated (music, for instance). This means that even if the user's preferences wouldn't normally call for captions here, the Forced track should be selected nonetheless, rather than selecting no track at all. On the other hand, if the user's preferences do call for captions, the non-Forced tracks should be preferred, as the Forced track will not contain captioning for the dialogue.
Chapters
The Matroska Chapters system can have multiple Editions and each Edition can consist of Simple Chapters where a chapter start time is used as marker in the timeline only. An Edition can be more complex with Ordered Chapters where a chapter end time stamp is additionally used or much more complex with Linked Chapters. The Matroska Chapters system can also have a menu structure, borrowed from the DVD menu system [DVD-Video], or have it's own Native Matroska menu structure.
EditionEntry
The EditionEntry is also called an Edition. An Edition contains a set of Edition flags and MUST contain at least one ChapterAtom Element. Chapters are always inside an Edition (or a Chapter itself part of an Edition). Multiple Editions are allowed. Some of these Editions MAY be ordered and others not.
EditionFlagDefault
Only one Edition SHOULD have an EditionFlagDefault flag set to true.
Default Edition
The Default Edition is the Edition that a Matroska Player SHOULD use for playback by default.
The first Edition with the EditionFlagDefault flag set to true is the Default Edition.
When all EditionFlagDefault flags are set to false, then the first Edition is the Default Edition.
Default edition, all default
Edition | FlagDefault | Default Edition
Edition 1 | true | X
Edition 2 | true |
Edition 3 | true |
Default edition, no default
Edition | FlagDefault | Default Edition
Edition 1 | false | X
Edition 2 | false |
Edition 3 | false |
Default edition, with default
Edition | FlagDefault | Default Edition
Edition 1 | false |
Edition 2 | true | X
Edition 3 | false |
EditionFlagOrdered
The EditionFlagOrdered Flag is a significant feature as it enables an Edition of Ordered Chapters which defines and arranges a virtual timeline rather than simply labeling points within the timeline. For example, with Editions of Ordered Chapters a single Matroska file can present multiple edits of a film without duplicating content. Alternatively, if a videotape is digitized in full, one Ordered Edition could present the full content (including colorbars, countdown, slate, a feature presentation, and black frames), while another Edition of Ordered Chapters can use Chapters that only mark the intended presentation with the colorbars and other ancillary visual information excluded. If an Edition of Ordered Chapters is enabled, then the Matroska Player MUST play those Chapters in their stored order from the timestamp marked in the ChapterTimeStart Element to the timestamp marked in to ChapterTimeEnd Element.
If the EditionFlagOrdered Flag evaluates to "0", Simple Chapters are used and only the ChapterTimeStart of a Chapter is used as chapter mark to jump to the predefined point in the timeline. With Simple Chapters, a Matroska Player MUST ignore certain Chapter Elements. In that case these elements are informational only.
The following list shows the different Chapter elements only found in Ordered Chapters.
elements only found in ordered chapters
Ordered Chapter elements
ChapterAtom/ChapterSegmentUUID
ChapterAtom/ChapterSegmentEditionUID
ChapterAtom/ChapterTrack
ChapterAtom/ChapProcess
Info/ChapterTranslate
TrackEntry/TrackTranslate
Furthermore there are other EBML Elements which could be used if the EditionFlagOrdered evaluates to "1".
Ordered-Edition and Matroska Segment-Linking
- Hard Linking: Ordered-Chapters supersedes the Hard Linking.
- Medium Linking: Ordered Chapters are used in a normal way and can be combined with the ChapterSegmentUUID element which establishes a link to another Segment.
See Section 16 on the Linked Segments for more information about Hard Linking and Medium Linking.
ChapterAtom
The ChapterAtom is also called a Chapter.
ChapterTimeStart
The timestamp of the start of Chapter with nanosecond accuracy, not scaled by TimestampScale. For Simple Chapters this is the position of the chapter markers in the timeline.
ChapterTimeEnd
The timestamp of the end of Chapter with nanosecond accuracy, not scaled by TimestampScale. The timestamp defined by the ChapterTimeEnd is not part of the Chapter. A Matroska Player calculates the duration of this Chapter using the difference between the ChapterTimeEnd and ChapterTimeStart. The end timestamp MUST be greater than or equal to the start timestamp.
When the ChapterTimeEnd timestamp is equal to the ChapterTimeStart timestamp, the timestamps is included in the Chapter. It can be useful to put markers in a file or add chapter commands with ordered chapter commands without having to play anything; see Section 5.1.7.1.4.14.
ChapterTimeEnd usage possibilities
Chapter | Start timestamp | End timestamp | Duration
Chapter 1 | 0 | 1000000000 | 1000000000
Chapter 2 | 1000000000 | 5000000000 | 4000000000
Chapter 3 | 6000000000 | 6000000000 | 0
Chapter 4 | 9000000000 | 8000000000 | Invalid (-1000000000)
Nested Chapters
A ChapterAtom element can contain other ChapterAtom elements. That element is a Parent Chapter and the ChapterAtom elements it contains are Nested Chapters.
Nested Chapters can be useful to tag small parts of a Segment that already have tags or add Chapter Codec commands on smaller parts of a Segment that already have Chapter Codec commands.
The ChapterTimeStart of a Nested Chapter MUST be greater than or equal to the ChapterTimeStart its Parent Chapter.
If the Parent Chapter of a Nested Chapter has a ChapterTimeEnd, the ChapterTimeStart of that Nested Chapter MUST be smaller than or equal to the ChapterTimeEnd of the Parent Chapter.
Nested Chapters in Ordered Chapters
The ChapterTimeEnd of the lowest level of Nested Chapters MUST be set for Ordered Chapters.
When used with Ordered Chapters, the ChapterTimeEnd value of a Parent Chapter is useless for playback as the proper playback sections are described in its Nested Chapters. The ChapterTimeEnd SHOULD NOT be set in Parent Chapters and MUST be ignored for playback.
ChapterFlagHidden
Each Chapter ChapterFlagHidden flag works independently from parent chapters. A Nested Chapter with a ChapterFlagHidden that evaluates to "0" remains visible in the user interface even if the Parent Chapter ChapterFlagHidden flag is set to "1".
ChapterFlagHidden nested visibility
Chapter + Nested Chapter | ChapterFlagHidden | visible
Chapter 1 | 0 | yes
Nested Chapter 1.1 | 0 | yes
Nested Chapter 1.2 | 1 | no
Chapter 2 | 1 | no
Nested Chapter 2.1 | 0 | yes
Nested Chapter 2.2 | 1 | no
Menu features
The menu features are handled like a chapter codec. That means each codec has a type, some private data and some data in the chapters.
The type of the menu system is defined by the ChapProcessCodecID parameter. For now, only 2 values are supported : 0 matroska script, 1 menu borrowed from the DVD [DVD-Video]. The private data depend on the type of menu system (stored in ChapProcessPrivate), idem for the data in the chapters (stored in ChapProcessData).
The menu system, as well as Chapter Codecs in general, can do actions on the Matroska Player like jumping to another Chapter or Edition, selecting different tracks and possibly more. The scope of all the possibilities of Chapter Codecs is not covered in this document as it depends on the Chapter Codec features and its integration in a Matroska Player.
Physical Types
Each level can have different meanings for audio and video. The ORIGINAL_MEDIUM tag can be used to specify a string for ChapterPhysicalEquiv = 60. Here is the list of possible levels for both audio and video:
ChapterPhysicalEquiv meaning per track type
Value | Audio | Video | Comment
70 | SET / PACKAGE | SET / PACKAGE | the collection of different media
60 | CD / 12" / 10" / 7" / TAPE / MINIDISC / DAT | DVD / VHS / LASERDISC | the physical medium like a CD or a DVD
50 | SIDE | SIDE | when the original medium (LP/DVD) has different sides
40 | - | LAYER | another physical level on DVDs
30 | SESSION | SESSION | as found on CDs and DVDs
20 | TRACK | - | as found on audio CDs
10 | INDEX | - | the first logical level of the side/medium
Chapter Examples
Example 1 : basic chaptering
In this example a movie is split in different chapters. It could also just be an audio file (album) on which each track corresponds to a chapter.
- 00000ms - 05000ms : Intro
- 05000ms - 25000ms : Before the crime
- 25000ms - 27500ms : The crime
- 27500ms - 38000ms : The killer arrested
- 38000ms - 43000ms : Credits
This would translate in the following matroska form, with the EBML tree shown as XML :
Basic Chapters Example.
<Chapters>
  <EditionEntry>
    <EditionUID>16603393396715046047</EditionUID>
    <ChapterAtom>
      <ChapterUID>1193046</ChapterUID>
      <ChapterTimeStart>0</ChapterTimeStart>
      <ChapterTimeEnd>5000000000</ChapterTimeEnd>
      <ChapterDisplay>
        <ChapString>Intro</ChapString>
      </ChapterDisplay>
    </ChapterAtom>
    <ChapterAtom>
      <ChapterUID>2311527</ChapterUID>
      <ChapterTimeStart>5000000000</ChapterTimeStart>
      <ChapterTimeEnd>25000000000</ChapterTimeEnd>
      <ChapterDisplay>
        <ChapString>Before the crime</ChapString>
      </ChapterDisplay>
      <ChapterDisplay>
        <ChapString>Avant le crime</ChapString>
        <ChapLanguage>fra</ChapLanguage>
      </ChapterDisplay>
    </ChapterAtom>
    <ChapterAtom>
      <ChapterUID>3430008</ChapterUID>
      <ChapterTimeStart>25000000000</ChapterTimeStart>
      <ChapterTimeEnd>27500000000</ChapterTimeEnd>
      <ChapterDisplay>
        <ChapString>The crime</ChapString>
      </ChapterDisplay>
      <ChapterDisplay>
        <ChapString>Le crime</ChapString>
        <ChapLanguage>fra</ChapLanguage>
      </ChapterDisplay>
    </ChapterAtom>
    <ChapterAtom>
      <ChapterUID>4548489</ChapterUID>
      <ChapterTimeStart>27500000000</ChapterTimeStart>
      <ChapterTimeEnd>38000000000</ChapterTimeEnd>
      <ChapterDisplay>
        <ChapString>After the crime</ChapString>
      </ChapterDisplay>
      <ChapterDisplay>
        <ChapString>Apres le crime</ChapString>
        <ChapLanguage>fra</ChapLanguage>
      </ChapterDisplay>
    </ChapterAtom>
    <ChapterAtom>
      <ChapterUID>5666960</ChapterUID>
      <ChapterTimeStart>38000000000</ChapterTimeStart>
      <ChapterTimeEnd>43000000000</ChapterTimeEnd>
      <ChapterDisplay>
        <ChapString>Credits</ChapString>
      </ChapterDisplay>
      <ChapterDisplay>
        <ChapString>Generique</ChapString>
        <ChapLanguage>fra</ChapLanguage>
      </ChapterDisplay>
    </ChapterAtom>
  </EditionEntry>
</Chapters>

Example 2 : nested chapters
In this example an (existing) album is split into different chapters, and one of them contain another splitting.
The Micronauts "Bleep To Bleep"
- 00:00 - 12:28 : Baby Wants To Bleep/Rock
  - 00:00 - 04:38 : Baby wants to bleep (pt.1)
  - 04:38 - 07:12 : Baby wants to rock
  - 07:12 - 10:33 : Baby wants to bleep (pt.2)
  - 10:33 - 12:28 : Baby wants to bleep (pt.3)
- 12:30 - 19:38 : Bleeper_O+2
- 19:40 - 22:20 : Baby wants to bleep (pt.4)
- 22:22 - 25:18 : Bleep to bleep
- 25:20 - 33:35 : Baby wants to bleep (k)
- 33:37 - 44:28 : Bleeper
This would translate in the following matroska form, with the EBML tree shown as XML :
Nested Chapters Example.
<Chapters>
  <EditionEntry>
    <EditionUID>1281690858003401414</EditionUID>
    <ChapterAtom>
      <ChapterUID>1</ChapterUID>
      <ChapterTimeStart>0</ChapterTimeStart>
      <ChapterTimeEnd>748000000</ChapterTimeEnd>
      <ChapterDisplay>
        <ChapString>Baby wants to Bleep/Rock</ChapString>
      </ChapterDisplay>
      <ChapterAtom>
        <ChapterUID>2</ChapterUID>
        <ChapterTimeStart>0</ChapterTimeStart>
        <ChapterTimeEnd>278000000</ChapterTimeEnd>
        <ChapterDisplay>
          <ChapString>Baby wants to bleep (pt.1)</ChapString>
        </ChapterDisplay>
      </ChapterAtom>
      <ChapterAtom>
        <ChapterUID>3</ChapterUID>
        <ChapterTimeStart>278000000</ChapterTimeStart>
        <ChapterTimeEnd>432000000</ChapterTimeEnd>
        <ChapterDisplay>
          <ChapString>Baby wants to rock</ChapString>
        </ChapterDisplay>
      </ChapterAtom>
      <ChapterAtom>
        <ChapterUID>4</ChapterUID>
        <ChapterTimeStart>432000000</ChapterTimeStart>
        <ChapterTimeEnd>633000000</ChapterTimeEnd>
        <ChapterDisplay>
          <ChapString>Baby wants to bleep (pt.2)</ChapString>
        </ChapterDisplay>
      </ChapterAtom>
      <ChapterAtom>
        <ChapterUID>5</ChapterUID>
        <ChapterTimeStart>633000000</ChapterTimeStart>
        <ChapterTimeEnd>748000000</ChapterTimeEnd>
        <ChapterDisplay>
          <ChapString>Baby wants to bleep (pt.3)</ChapString>
        </ChapterDisplay>
      </ChapterAtom>
    </ChapterAtom>
    <ChapterAtom>
      <ChapterUID>6</ChapterUID>
      <ChapterTimeStart>750000000</ChapterTimeStart>
      <ChapterTimeEnd>1178500000</ChapterTimeEnd>
      <ChapterDisplay>
        <ChapString>Bleeper_O+2</ChapString>
      </ChapterDisplay>
    </ChapterAtom>
    <ChapterAtom>
      <ChapterUID>7</ChapterUID>
      <ChapterTimeStart>1180500000</ChapterTimeStart>
      <ChapterTimeEnd>1340000000</ChapterTimeEnd>
      <ChapterDisplay>
        <ChapString>Baby wants to bleep (pt.4)</ChapString>
      </ChapterDisplay>
    </ChapterAtom>
    <ChapterAtom>
      <ChapterUID>8</ChapterUID>
      <ChapterTimeStart>1342000000</ChapterTimeStart>
      <ChapterTimeEnd>1518000000</ChapterTimeEnd>
      <ChapterDisplay>
        <ChapString>Bleep to bleep</ChapString>
      </ChapterDisplay>
    </ChapterAtom>
    <ChapterAtom>
      <ChapterUID>9</ChapterUID>
      <ChapterTimeStart>1520000000</ChapterTimeStart>
      <ChapterTimeEnd>2015000000</ChapterTimeEnd>
      <ChapterDisplay>
        <ChapString>Baby wants to bleep (k)</ChapString>
      </ChapterDisplay>
    </ChapterAtom>
    <ChapterAtom>
      <ChapterUID>10</ChapterUID>
      <ChapterTimeStart>2017000000</ChapterTimeStart>
      <ChapterTimeEnd>2668000000</ChapterTimeEnd>
      <ChapterDisplay>
        <ChapString>Bleeper</ChapString>
      </ChapterDisplay>
    </ChapterAtom>
  </EditionEntry>
</Chapters>

Attachments
Matroska supports storage of related files and data in the Attachments Element (a Top-Level Element). Attachment Elements can be used to store related cover art, font files, transcripts, reports, error recovery files, picture, or text-based annotations, copies of specifications, or other ancillary files related to the Segment.
Matroska Readers MUST NOT execute files stored as Attachment Elements.
Cover Art
This section defines a set of guidelines for the storage of cover art in Matroska files. A Matroska Reader MAY use embedded cover art to display a representational still-image depiction of the multimedia contents of the Matroska file.
Only JPEG and PNG image formats SHOULD be used for cover art pictures.
There can be two different covers for a movie/album: a portrait style (e.g., a DVD case) and a landscape style (e.g., a wide banner ad).
There can be two versions of the same cover, the normal cover and the small cover. The dimension of the normal cover SHOULD be 600 pixels on the smallest side -- for example, 960x600 for landscape, 600x800 for portrait, or 600x600 for square. The dimension of the small cover SHOULD be 120 pixels on the smallest side -- for example, 192x120 or 120x160.
Versions of cover art can be differentiated by the filename, which is stored in the FileName Element. The default filename of the normal cover in square or portrait mode is cover.(jpg|png). When stored, the normal cover SHOULD be the first Attachment in storage order. The small cover SHOULD be prefixed with "small_", such as small_cover.(jpg|png). The landscape variant SHOULD be suffixed with "_land", such as cover_land.(jpg|png). The filenames are case sensitive.
The following table provides examples of file names for cover art in Attachments.
Cover Art Filenames
FileName | Image Orientation | Pixel Length of Smallest Side
cover.jpg | Portrait or square | 600
small_cover.png | Portrait or square | 120
cover_land.png | Landscape | 600
smallcoverland.jpg | Landscape | 120
Font files
Font files MAY be added to a Matroska file as Attachments so that the font file may be used to display an associated subtitle track. This allows the presentation of a Matroska file to be consistent in various environments where the needed fonts might not be available on the local system.
Depending on the font format in question, each font file can contain multiple font variants. Each font variant has a name which will be referred to as Font Name from now on. This Font Name can be different than the Attachment's FileName, even when disregarding the extension. In order to select a font for display, a Matroska player SHOULD consider both the Font Name and the base name of the Attachment's FileName, preferring the former when there are multiple matches.
Subtitle codecs, such as SubStation Alpha (SSA/ASS), usually refer to a font by its Font Name, not by its filename. If none of the Attachments are a match for the Font Name, the Matroska player SHOULD attempt to find a system font whose Font Name matches the one used in the subtitle track.
Since loading fonts temporarily can take a while, a Matroska player usually loads or installs all the fonts found in attachments so they are ready to be used during playback. Failure to use the font attachment might result in incorrect rendering of the subtitles.
If a selected subtitle track has some AttachmentLink elements, the player MAY use only these fonts.
A Matroska player SHOULD handle the official font media types from [RFC8081] when the system can handle the type: * font/sfnt: Generic SFNT Font Type, * font/ttf: TTF Font Type, * font/otf: OpenType Layout (OTF) Font Type, * font/collection: Collection Font Type, * font/woff: WOFF 1.0, * font/woff2: WOFF 2.0.
Fonts in Matroska existed long before [RFC8081]. A few unofficial media types for fonts were used in existing files. Therefore it is RECOMMENDED for a Matroska player to support the following legacy media types for font attachments:
- application/x-truetype-font: Truetype fonts, equivalent to font/ttf and sometimes font/otf,
- application/x-font-ttf: TTF fonts, equivalent to font/ttf,
- application/vnd.ms-opentype: OpenType Layout fonts, equivalent to font/otf
- application/font-sfnt: Generic SFNT Font Type, equivalent to font/sfnt
- application/font-woff: WOFF 1.0, equivalent to font/woff
There may also be some font attachments with the application/octet-stream media type. In that case the Matroska player MAY try to guess the font type by checking the file extension of the AttachedFile\FileName string. Common file extensions for fonts are: * .ttf for Truetype fonts, equivalent to font/ttf, * .otf for OpenType Layout fonts, equivalent to font/otf, * .ttc for Collection fonts, equivalent to font/collection The file extension check MUST be case insensitive.
Matroska writers SHOULD use a valid font media type from [RFC8081] in the AttachedFile\FileMediaType of the font attachment. They MAY use the media types found in older files when compatibility with older players is necessary.
Cues
The Cues Element provides an index of certain Cluster Elements to allow for optimized seeking to absolute timestamps within the Segment. The Cues Element contains one or many CuePoint Elements which each MUST reference an absolute timestamp (via the CueTime Element), a Track (via the CueTrack Element), and a Segment Position (via the CueClusterPosition Element). Additional non-mandated Elements are part of the CuePoint Element such as CueDuration, CueRelativePosition, CueCodecState and others which provide any Matroska Reader with additional information to use in the optimization of seeking performance.
Recommendations
The following recommendations are provided to optimize Matroska performance.
- Unless Matroska is used as a live stream, it SHOULD contain a Cues Element.
- For each video track, each keyframe SHOULD be referenced by a CuePoint Element.
- It is RECOMMENDED to not reference non-keyframes of video tracks in Cues unless it references a Cluster Element which contains a CodecState Element but no keyframes.
- For each subtitle track present, each subtitle frame SHOULD be referenced by a CuePoint Element with a CueDuration Element.
- References to audio tracks MAY be skipped in CuePoint Elements if a video track is present. When included the CuePoint Elements SHOULD reference audio keyframes at most once every 500 milliseconds.
- If the referenced frame is not stored within the first SimpleBlock, or first BlockGroup within its Cluster Element, then the CueRelativePosition Element SHOULD be written to reference where in the Cluster the reference frame is stored.
- If a CuePoint Element references Cluster Element that includes a CodecState Element, then that CuePoint Element MUST use a CueCodecState Element.
- CuePoint Elements SHOULD be numerically sorted in storage order by the value of the CueTime Element.
Matroska Streaming
In Matroska, there are two kinds of streaming: file access and livestreaming.
File Access
File access can simply be reading a file located on your computer, but also includes accessing a file from an HTTP (web) server or CIFS (Windows share) server. These protocols are usually safe from reading errors and seeking in the stream is possible. However, when a file is stored far away or on a slow server, seeking can be an expensive operation and SHOULD be avoided. The following guidelines, when followed, help reduce the number of seeking operations for regular playback and also have the playback start quickly without a lot of data needed to read first (like a Cues Element, Attachment Element or SeekHead Element).
Matroska, having a small overhead, is well suited for storing music/videos on file servers without a big impact on the bandwidth used. Matroska does not require the index to be loaded before playing, which allows playback to start very quickly. The index can be loaded only when seeking is requested the first time.
Livestreaming
Livestreaming is the equivalent of television broadcasting on the internet. There are 2 families of servers for livestreaming: RTP/RTSP and HTTP. Matroska is not meant to be used over RTP. RTP already has timing and channel mechanisms that would be wasted if doubled in Matroska. Additionally, having the same information at the RTP and Matroska level would be a source of confusion if they do not match. Livestreaming of Matroska over HTTP (or any other plain protocol based on TCP) is possible.
A live Matroska stream is different from a file because it usually has no known end (only ending when the client disconnects). For this, all bits of the "size" portion of the Segment Element MUST be set to 1. Another option is to concatenate Segment Elements with known sizes, one after the other. This solution allows a change of codec/resolution between each segment. For example, this allows for a switch between 4:3 and 16:9 in a television program.
When Segment Elements are continuous, certain Elements, like SeekHead, Cues, Chapters, and Attachments, MUST NOT be used.
It is possible for a Matroska Player to detect that a stream is not seekable. If the stream has neither a SeekHead list or a Cues list at the beginning of the stream, it SHOULD be considered non-seekable. Even though it is possible to seek blindly forward in the stream, it is NOT RECOMMENDED.
In the context of live radio or web TV, it is possible to "tag" the content while it is playing. The Tags Element can be placed between Clusters each time it is necessary. In that case, the new Tags Element MUST reset the previously encountered Tags Elements and use the new values instead.
Tags Precedence
Tags allow tagging all kinds of Matroska parts with very detailed metadata in multiple languages.
Some Matroska elements also contain their own string value like the Track Name (Section 5.1.4.1.20) or the Chapter String (Section 5.1.7.1.4.10).
The following Matroska elements can also be defined with tags:
- The Track Name Element (Section 5.1.4.1.20) corresponds to a tag with the TagTrackUID (Section 5.1.8.1.1.3) set to the given track, a TagName of TITLE (Section 5.1.8.1.2.1) and a TagLanguage (Section 5.1.8.1.2.2) or TagLanguageBCP47 (Section 5.1.8.1.2.3) of "und".
- The Chapter String Element (Section 5.1.7.1.4.10) corresponds to a tag with the TagChapterUID (Section 5.1.8.1.1.5) set to the same chapter UID, a TagName of TITLE (Section 5.1.8.1.2.1) and a TagLanguage (Section 5.1.8.1.2.2) or TagLanguageBCP47 (Section 5.1.8.1.2.3) matching the ChapLanguage (Section 5.1.7.1.4.11) or ChapLanguageBCP47 (Section 5.1.7.1.4.12) respectively.
- The FileDescription Element (Section 5.1.6.1.1) of an attachment corresponds to a tag with the TagAttachmentUID (Section 5.1.8.1.1.6) set to the given attachment, a TagName of TITLE (Section 5.1.8.1.2.1) and a TagLanguage (Section 5.1.8.1.2.2) or TagLanguageBCP47 (Section 5.1.8.1.2.3) of "und".
When both values exist in the file, the value found in Tags takes precedence over the value found in original location of the element. For example if you have a TrackEntry\Name element and Tag TITLE for that track in a Matroska Segment, the Tag string SHOULD be used and not the TrackEntry\Name string to identify the track.
As the Tag element is optional, a lot of Matroska Readers do not handle it and will not use the tags value when it's found. So for maximum compatibility, it's usually better to put the strings in the TrackEntry, ChapterAtom and Attachment and keep the tags matching these values if tags are also used.
See [MatroskaTags] for more details on how to use tags.
Implementation Recommendations
Cluster
It is RECOMMENDED that the size of each individual Cluster Element be limited to store no more than 5 seconds or 5 megabytes.
SeekHead
It is RECOMMENDED that the first SeekHead Element be followed by a Void Element to allow for the SeekHead Element to be expanded to cover new Top-Level Elements that could be added to the Matroska file, such as Tags, Chapters, and Attachments Elements.
The size of this Void Element should be adjusted depending whether the Matroska file already has Tags, Chapters, and Attachments Elements.
Cues
For video files, it is RECOMMENDED to index at least the keyframes of the video track.
Optimum Layouts
While there can be Top-Level Elements in any order, some ordering of Elements are better than others. Here are few optimum layouts for different use case:
Optimum layout for a muxer
This is the basic layout muxers should be using for an efficient playback experience.
- SeekHead
- Info
- Tracks
- Chapters
- Attachments
- Tags
- Clusters
- Cues
Optimum layout after editing tags
When tags from the previous layout need to be extended, they are moved to the end with the extra information. The location where the old tags were located is voided.
- SeekHead
- Info
- Tracks
- Chapters
- Attachments
- Void
- Clusters
- Cues
- Tags
Optimum layout with Cues at the front
Cues are usually a big chunk of data referencing a lot of locations in the file. For a player that want to seek in the file they need to seek to the end of the file to have these locations. It is often better if they are placed early in the file. On the other hand that means players that don't intend to seek will have to read/skip these data no matter what.
Because the Cues reference locations further in the file, it's often complicated to allocate the proper space for that element before all the locations are known. Therefore shis layout is rarely used.
- SeekHead
- Info
- Tracks
- Chapters
- Attachments
- Tags
- Cues
- Clusters
Optimum layout for livestreaming
In Livestreaming (Section 22.2) only a few elements make sense. SeekHead and Cues are useless for example. All elements other than the Clusters MUST be placed before the Clusters.
- Info
- Tracks
- Attachments (rare)
- Tags
- Clusters
Security Considerations
Matroska inherits security considerations from EBML.
Attacks on a Matroska Reader could include:
- Storage of a arbitrary and potentially executable data within an Attachment Element. Matroska Readers that extract or use data from Matroska Attachments SHOULD check that the data adheres to expectations.
- A Matroska Attachment with an inaccurate mime-type.
- Damage to the Encryption and Compression fields (Section 13) that would result in bogus binary data interpreted by the decoder.
IANA Considerations
Matroska Element IDs Registry
This document creates a new IANA registry called the "Matroska Element IDs" registry.
To register a new Element ID in this registry, one needs an Element ID, a Change Controller (IESG or email of registrant) and an optional Reference to a document describing the Element ID.
Element IDs are described in Section 5 of [RFC8794]. Element IDs are encoded using the VINT mechanism described in Section 4 of [RFC8794] and can be between one and five octets long. Five-octet-long Element IDs are possible only if declared in the EBML header.
One-octet Element IDs MUST be between 0x80 and 0xFE. These items are valuable because they are short, and they need to be used for commonly repeated elements. Element IDs are to be allocated within this range according to the "RFC Required" policy [RFC8126].
The following one-octet Element ID is RESERVED: 0xFF.
Values in the one-octet range of 0x00 to 0x7F are not valid for use as an Element ID.
Two-octet Element IDs MUST be between 0x407F and 0x7FFE. Element IDs are to be allocated within this range according to the "Specification Required" policy [RFC8126].
The following two-octet Element ID is RESERVED: 0x7FFF.
Values in the two-octet ranges of 0x0000 to 0x4000 and 0x8000 to 0xFFFF are not valid for use as an Element ID.
Three-octet Element IDs MUST be between 0x203FFF and 0x3FFFFE. Element IDs are to be allocated within this range according to the "First Come First Served" policy [RFC8126].
The following three-octet Element ID is RESERVED: 0x3FFFFF.
Values in the three-octet ranges of 0x000000 to 0x200000 and 0x400000 to 0xFFFFFF are not valid for use as an Element ID.
Four-octet Element IDs MUST be between 0x101FFFFF and 0x1FFFFFFE. Four-octet Element IDs are somewhat special in that they are useful for resynchronizing to major structures in the event of data corruption or loss. As such, four-octet Element IDs are split into two categories. Four-octet Element IDs whose lower three octets (as encoded) would make printable 7-bit ASCII values (0x20 to 0x7E, inclusive) MUST be allocated by the "Specification Required" policy. Sequential allocation of values is not required: specifications SHOULD include a specific request and are encouraged to do early allocations.
To be clear about the above category: four-octet Element IDs always start with hex 0x10 to 0x1F, and that octet may be chosen so that the entire VINT has some desirable property, such as a specific CRC. The other three octets, when ALL having values between 0x20 (32, ASCII Space) and 0x7E (126, ASCII "~"), fall into this category.
Other four-octet Element IDs may be allocated by the "First Come First Served" policy.
The following four-octet Element ID is RESERVED: 0x1FFFFFFF.
Values in the four-octet ranges of 0x00000000 to 0x10000000 and 0x20000000 to 0xFFFFFFFF are not valid for use as an Element ID.
Five-octet Element IDs (values from 0x080FFFFFFF to 0x0FFFFFFFFE) are RESERVED according to the "Experimental Use" policy [RFC8126]: they may be used by anyone at any time, but there is no coordination.
EBML IDs defined for the EBML Header -- as defined in Section 17.1 of [RFC8794] -- MUST NOT be used as Matroska Element IDs.
Matroska Element IDs Values found in this document are assigned as initial values as follows:
IDs and Names for Matroska Element IDs assigned by this document
Element ID | Element Name | Reference
0xFD | ReferenceVirtual | Described in Section 27.5
0xFB | ReferenceBlock | Described in Section 5.1.3.4.5
0xFA | ReferencePriority | Described in Section 5.1.3.4.4
0xF7 | CueTrack | Described in Section 5.1.5.1.2.1
0xF1 | CueClusterPosition | Described in Section 5.1.5.1.2.2
0xF0 | CueRelativePosition | Described in Section 5.1.5.1.2.3
0xEE | BlockAddID | Described in Section 5.1.3.4.2.3
0xED | TrackJoinUID | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.33.6
0xEB | CueRefCodecState | Described in Section 27.37
0xEA | CueCodecState | Described in Section 5.1.5.1.2.6
0xE9 | TrackJoinBlocks | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.33.5
0xE8 | TimeSlice | Described in Section 27.7
0xE7 | Timestamp | Described in Section 5.1.3.1
0xE6 | TrackPlaneType | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.33.4
0xE5 | TrackPlaneUID | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.33.3
0xE4 | TrackPlane | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.33.2
0xE3 | TrackCombinePlanes | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.33.1
0xE2 | TrackOperation | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.33
0xE1 | Audio | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.32
0xE0 | Video | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.31
0xDB | CueReference | Described in Section 5.1.5.1.2.7
0xD7 | TrackNumber | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.1
0xCF | SliceDuration | Described in Section 27.12
0xCE | Delay | Described in Section 27.11
0xCD | FrameNumber | Described in Section 27.9
0xCC | LaceNumber | Described in Section 27.8
0xCB | BlockAdditionID | Described in Section 27.10
0xCA | ReferenceTimestamp | Described in Section 27.15
0xC9 | ReferenceOffset | Described in Section 27.14
0xC8 | ReferenceFrame | Described in Section 27.13
0xC7 | TrickMasterTrackUID | Described in Section 27.29
0xC6 | TrickTrackFlag | Described in Section 27.28
0xC4 | TrickMasterTrackSegmentUID | Described in Section 27.30
0xC1 | TrickTrackSegmentUID | Described in Section 27.27
0xC0 | TrickTrackUID | Described in Section 27.26
0xBB | CuePoint | Described in Section 5.1.5.1
0xBA | PixelHeight | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.31.7
0xB9 | FlagEnabled | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.4
0xB7 | CueTrackPositions | Described in Section 5.1.5.1.2
0xB6 | ChapterAtom | Described in Section 5.1.7.1.4
0xB5 | SamplingFrequency | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.32.1
0xB3 | CueTime | Described in Section 5.1.5.1.1
0xB2 | CueDuration | Described in Section 5.1.5.1.2.4
0xB0 | PixelWidth | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.31.6
0xAF | EncryptedBlock | Described in Section 27.16
0xAE | TrackEntry | Described in Section 5.1.4.1
0xAB | PrevSize | Described in Section 5.1.3.2
0xAA | CodecDecodeAll | Described in Section 27.21
0xA7 | Position | Described in Section 27.3
0xA6 | BlockMore | Described in Section 5.1.3.4.2.1
0xA5 | BlockAdditional | Described in Section 5.1.3.4.2.2
0xA4 | CodecState | Described in Section 5.1.3.4.6
0xA3 | SimpleBlock | Described in Section 5.1.3.3
0xA2 | BlockVirtual | Described in Section 27.4
0xA1 | Block | Described in Section 5.1.3.4.1
0xA0 | BlockGroup | Described in Section 5.1.3.4
0x9F | Channels | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.32.3
0x9D | FieldOrder | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.31.2
0x9C | FlagLacing | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.12
0x9B | BlockDuration | Described in Section 5.1.3.4.3
0x9A | FlagInterlaced | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.31.1
0x98 | ChapterFlagHidden | Described in Section 5.1.7.1.4.5
0x97 | CueRefCluster | Described in Section 27.35
0x96 | CueRefTime | Described in Section 5.1.5.1.2.8
0x92 | ChapterTimeEnd | Described in Section 5.1.7.1.4.4
0x91 | ChapterTimeStart | Described in Section 5.1.7.1.4.3
0x8E | Slices | Described in Section 27.6
0x88 | FlagDefault | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.5
0x86 | CodecID | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.23
0x85 | ChapString | Described in Section 5.1.7.1.4.10
0x83 | TrackType | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.3
0x80 | ChapterDisplay | Described in Section 5.1.7.1.4.9
0x7D7B | ChannelPositions | Described in Section 27.25
0x7BA9 | Title | Described in Section 5.1.2.12
0x78B5 | OutputSamplingFrequency | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.32.2
0x7675 | ProjectionPoseRoll | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.31.46
0x7674 | ProjectionPosePitch | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.31.45
0x7673 | ProjectionPoseYaw | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.31.44
0x7672 | ProjectionPrivate | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.31.43
0x7671 | ProjectionType | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.31.42
0x7670 | Projection | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.31.41
0x75A2 | DiscardPadding | Described in Section 5.1.3.4.7
0x75A1 | BlockAdditions | Described in Section 5.1.3.4.2
0x7446 | AttachmentLink | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.26
0x73C5 | TrackUID | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.2
0x73C4 | ChapterUID | Described in Section 5.1.7.1.4.1
0x73A4 | SegmentUUID | Described in Section 5.1.2.1
0x7384 | SegmentFilename | Described in Section 5.1.2.2
0x7373 | Tag | Described in Section 5.1.8.1
0x6FAB | TrackOverlay | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.27
0x6EBC | ChapterSegmentEditionUID | Described in Section 5.1.7.1.4.7
0x6E67 | ChapterSegmentUUID | Described in Section 5.1.7.1.4.6
0x6DF8 | MaxCache | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.14
0x6DE7 | MinCache | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.13
0x6D80 | ContentEncodings | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.34
0x69FC | ChapterTranslateEditionUID | Described in Section 5.1.2.8.3
0x69BF | ChapterTranslateCodec | Described in Section 5.1.2.8.2
0x69A5 | ChapterTranslateID | Described in Section 5.1.2.8.1
0x6955 | ChapProcessCodecID | Described in Section 5.1.7.1.4.15
0x6944 | ChapProcess | Described in Section 5.1.7.1.4.14
0x6933 | ChapProcessData | Described in Section 5.1.7.1.4.19
0x6924 | ChapterTranslate | Described in Section 5.1.2.8
0x6922 | ChapProcessTime | Described in Section 5.1.7.1.4.18
0x6911 | ChapProcessCommand | Described in Section 5.1.7.1.4.17
0x68CA | TargetTypeValue | Described in Section 5.1.8.1.1.1
0x67C8 | SimpleTag | Described in Section 5.1.8.1.2
0x66FC | TrackTranslateEditionUID | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.30.3
0x66BF | TrackTranslateCodec | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.30.2
0x66A5 | TrackTranslateTrackID | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.30.1
0x6624 | TrackTranslate | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.30
0x63CA | TargetType | Described in Section 5.1.8.1.1.2
0x63C9 | TagEditionUID | Described in Section 5.1.8.1.1.4
0x63C6 | TagAttachmentUID | Described in Section 5.1.8.1.1.6
0x63C5 | TagTrackUID | Described in Section 5.1.8.1.1.3
0x63C4 | TagChapterUID | Described in Section 5.1.8.1.1.5
0x63C3 | ChapterPhysicalEquiv | Described in Section 5.1.7.1.4.8
0x63C0 | Targets | Described in Section 5.1.8.1.1
0x63A2 | CodecPrivate | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.24
0x6264 | BitDepth | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.32.4
0x6240 | ContentEncoding | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.34.1
0x61A7 | AttachedFile | Described in Section 5.1.6.1
0x58D7 | SilentTrackNumber | Described in Section 27.2
0x5854 | SilentTracks | Described in Section 27.1
0x5741 | WritingApp | Described in Section 5.1.2.14
0x56BB | SeekPreRoll | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.29
0x56AA | CodecDelay | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.28
0x5654 | ChapterStringUID | Described in Section 5.1.7.1.4.2
0x55EE | MaxBlockAdditionID | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.18
0x55DA | LuminanceMin | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.31.40
0x55D9 | LuminanceMax | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.31.39
0x55D8 | WhitePointChromaticityY | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.31.38
0x55D7 | WhitePointChromaticityX | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.31.37
0x55D6 | PrimaryBChromaticityY | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.31.36
0x55D5 | PrimaryBChromaticityX | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.31.35
0x55D4 | PrimaryGChromaticityY | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.31.34
0x55D3 | PrimaryGChromaticityX | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.31.33
0x55D2 | PrimaryRChromaticityY | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.31.32
0x55D1 | PrimaryRChromaticityX | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.31.31
0x55D0 | MasteringMetadata | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.31.30
0x55BD | MaxFALL | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.31.29
0x55BC | MaxCLL | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.31.28
0x55BB | Primaries | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.31.27
0x55BA | TransferCharacteristics | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.31.26
0x55B9 | Range | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.31.25
0x55B8 | ChromaSitingVert | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.31.24
0x55B7 | ChromaSitingHorz | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.31.23
0x55B6 | CbSubsamplingVert | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.31.22
0x55B5 | CbSubsamplingHorz | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.31.21
0x55B4 | ChromaSubsamplingVert | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.31.20
0x55B3 | ChromaSubsamplingHorz | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.31.19
0x55B2 | BitsPerChannel | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.31.18
0x55B1 | MatrixCoefficients | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.31.17
0x55B0 | Colour | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.31.16
0x55AF | FlagCommentary | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.11
0x55AE | FlagOriginal | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.10
0x55AD | FlagTextDescriptions | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.9
0x55AC | FlagVisualImpaired | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.8
0x55AB | FlagHearingImpaired | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.7
0x55AA | FlagForced | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.6
0x54DD | PixelCropRight | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.31.11
0x54CC | PixelCropLeft | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.31.10
0x54BB | PixelCropTop | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.31.9
0x54BA | DisplayHeight | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.31.13
0x54B3 | AspectRatioType | Described in Section 27.22
0x54B2 | DisplayUnit | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.31.14
0x54B0 | DisplayWidth | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.31.12
0x54AA | PixelCropBottom | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.31.8
0x53C0 | AlphaMode | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.31.4
0x53B9 | OldStereoMode | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.31.5
0x53B8 | StereoMode | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.31.3
0x53AC | SeekPosition | Described in Section 5.1.1.1.2
0x53AB | SeekID | Described in Section 5.1.1.1.1
0x537F | TrackOffset | Described in Section 27.17
0x5378 | CueBlockNumber | Described in Section 5.1.5.1.2.5
0x536E | Name | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.20
0x535F | CueRefNumber | Described in Section 27.36
0x5035 | ContentEncryption | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.34.8
0x5034 | ContentCompression | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.34.5
0x5033 | ContentEncodingType | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.34.4
0x5032 | ContentEncodingScope | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.34.3
0x5031 | ContentEncodingOrder | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.34.2
0x4DBB | Seek | Described in Section 5.1.1.1
0x4D80 | MuxingApp | Described in Section 5.1.2.13
0x47E8 | AESSettingsCipherMode | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.34.12
0x47E7 | ContentEncAESSettings | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.34.11
0x47E6 | ContentSigHashAlgo | Described in Section 27.34
0x47E5 | ContentSigAlgo | Described in Section 27.33
0x47E4 | ContentSigKeyID | Described in Section 27.32
0x47E3 | ContentSignature | Described in Section 27.31
0x47E2 | ContentEncKeyID | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.34.10
0x47E1 | ContentEncAlgo | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.34.9
0x46AE | FileUID | Described in Section 5.1.6.1.5
0x467E | FileDescription | Described in Section 5.1.6.1.1
0x4675 | FileReferral | Described in Section 27.38
0x466E | FileName | Described in Section 5.1.6.1.2
0x4662 | FileUsedEndTime | Described in Section 27.40
0x4661 | FileUsedStartTime | Described in Section 27.39
0x4660 | FileMediaType | Described in Section 5.1.6.1.3
0x465C | FileData | Described in Section 5.1.6.1.4
0x45DD | EditionFlagOrdered | Described in Section 5.1.7.1.3
0x45DB | EditionFlagDefault | Described in Section 5.1.7.1.2
0x45BC | EditionUID | Described in Section 5.1.7.1.1
0x45B9 | EditionEntry | Described in Section 5.1.7.1
0x45A3 | TagName | Described in Section 5.1.8.1.2.1
0x450D | ChapProcessPrivate | Described in Section 5.1.7.1.4.16
0x44B4 | TagDefaultBogus | Described in Section 27.41
0x4489 | Duration | Described in Section 5.1.2.10
0x4487 | TagString | Described in Section 5.1.8.1.2.5
0x4485 | TagBinary | Described in Section 5.1.8.1.2.6
0x4484 | TagDefault | Described in Section 5.1.8.1.2.4
0x447B | TagLanguageBCP47 | Described in Section 5.1.8.1.2.3
0x447A | TagLanguage | Described in Section 5.1.8.1.2.2
0x4461 | DateUTC | Described in Section 5.1.2.11
0x4444 | SegmentFamily | Described in Section 5.1.2.7
0x437E | ChapCountry | Described in Section 5.1.7.1.4.13
0x437D | ChapLanguageBCP47 | Described in Section 5.1.7.1.4.12
0x437C | ChapLanguage | Described in Section 5.1.7.1.4.11
0x4255 | ContentCompSettings | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.34.7
0x4254 | ContentCompAlgo | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.34.6
0x41F0 | BlockAddIDValue | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.19.1
0x41ED | BlockAddIDExtraData | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.19.4
0x41E7 | BlockAddIDType | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.19.3
0x41E4 | BlockAdditionMapping | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.19
0x41A4 | BlockAddIDName | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.19.2
0x3EB923 | NextUUID | Described in Section 5.1.2.5
0x3E83BB | NextFilename | Described in Section 5.1.2.6
0x3CB923 | PrevUUID | Described in Section 5.1.2.3
0x3C83AB | PrevFilename | Described in Section 5.1.2.4
0x3B4040 | CodecInfoURL | Described in Section 27.19
0x3A9697 | CodecSettings | Described in Section 27.18
0x2FB523 | GammaValue | Described in Section 27.23
0x2EB524 | UncompressedFourCC | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.31.15
0x2AD7B1 | TimestampScale | Described in Section 5.1.2.9
0x26B240 | CodecDownloadURL | Described in Section 27.20
0x258688 | CodecName | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.25
0x23E383 | DefaultDuration | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.15
0x2383E3 | FrameRate | Described in Section 27.24
0x234E7A | DefaultDecodedFieldDuration | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.16
0x23314F | TrackTimestampScale | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.17
0x22B59D | LanguageBCP47 | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.22
0x22B59C | Language | Described in Section 5.1.4.1.21
0x1F43B675 | Cluster | Described in Section 5.1.3
0x1C53BB6B | Cues | Described in Section 5.1.5
0x1941A469 | Attachments | Described in Section 5.1.6
0x18538067 | Segment | Described in Section 5.1
0x1654AE6B | Tracks | Described in Section 5.1.4
0x1549A966 | Info | Described in Section 5.1.2
0x1254C367 | Tags | Described in Section 5.1.8
0x114D9B74 | SeekHead | Described in Section 5.1.1
0x1043A770 | Chapters | Described in Section 5.1.7
Chapter Codec IDs Registry
This document creates a new IANA registry called the "Matroska Chapter Codec IDs" registry. The values correspond to the ChapProcessCodecID value described in Section 5.1.7.1.4.15.
ChapProcessCodecID values of "0" and "1" are RESERVED to the IETF for future use.
Media Types
Matroska files and streams are found in three main forms: audio-video files, audio-only and occasionally with stereoscopic video tracks.
Historically Matroska files and streams have used the following media types with a "x-" prefix. For better compatibility a system SHOULD be able to handle both formats. Newer systems SHOULD NOT use the historic format and use the format that follows the [RFC6838] format instead.
Please register three media types, the [RFC6838] templates are below:
For files containing video tracks
Type name:
video
Subtype name:
matroska
Required parameters:
N/A
Optional parameters:
N/A
Encoding considerations:
as per this document and RFC8794
Security considerations:
See Section 25.
Interoperability considerations:
The format is designed to be broadly interoperable.
Published specification:
THISRFC
Applications that use this media type:
FFmpeg, vlc, ...
Fragment identifier considerations:
N/A
Additional information:
- Deprecated alias names for this type: video/x-matroska
- Magic number(s): N/A
- File extension(s): mkv
- Macintosh file type code(s): N/A
Person & email address to contact for further information:
IETF CELLAR WG
Intended usage:
COMMON
Restrictions on usage:
None
Author:
IETF CELLAR WG
Change controller:
IESG
Provisional registration? (standards tree only):
No
For files containing audio tracks with no video tracks
Type name:
audio
Subtype name:
matroska
Required parameters:
N/A
Optional parameters:
N/A
Encoding considerations:
as per this document and RFC8794
Security considerations:
See Section 25.
Interoperability considerations:
The format is designed to be broadly interoperable.
Published specification:
THISRFC
Applications that use this media type:
FFmpeg, vlc, ...
Fragment identifier considerations:
N/A
Additional information:
- Deprecated alias names for this type: audio/x-matroska
- Magic number(s): N/A
- File extension(s): mka
- Macintosh file type code(s): N/A
Person & email address to contact for further information:
IETF CELLAR WG
Intended usage:
COMMON
Restrictions on usage:
None
Author:
IETF CELLAR WG
Change controller:
IESG
Provisional registration? (standards tree only):
No
For files containing audio tracks with no video tracks
Type name:
video
Subtype name:
matroska-3d
Required parameters:
N/A
Optional parameters:
N/A
Encoding considerations:
as per this document and RFC8794
Security considerations:
See Section 25.
Interoperability considerations:
The format is designed to be broadly interoperable.
Published specification:
THISRFC
Applications that use this media type:
FFmpeg, vlc, ...
Fragment identifier considerations:
N/A
Additional information:
- Deprecated alias names for this type: video/matroska-3d
- Magic number(s): N/A
- File extension(s): mk3d
- Macintosh file type code(s): N/A
Person & email address to contact for further information:
IETF CELLAR WG
Intended usage:
COMMON
Restrictions on usage:
None
Author:
IETF CELLAR WG
Change controller:
IESG
Provisional registration? (standards tree only):
No
Annex A: Historic Deprecated Elements
As Matroska evolved since 2002 many parts that were considered for use in the format were never used and often incorrectly designed. Many of the elements that were then defined are not found in any known files but were part of public specs. DivX also had a few custom elements that were designed for custom features.
We list these elements that have a known ID that SHOULD NOT be reused to avoid colliding with existing files.
SilentTracks Element
type / id:
master / 0x5854
path:
\Segment\Cluster\SilentTracks
documentation:
The list of tracks that are not used in that part of the stream. It is useful when using overlay tracks on seeking or to decide what track to use.
SilentTrackNumber Element
type / id:
uinteger / 0x58D7
path:
\Segment\Cluster\SilentTracks\SilentTrackNumber
documentation:
One of the track number that are not used from now on in the stream. It could change later if not specified as silent in a further Cluster.
Position Element
type / id:
uinteger / 0xA7
path:
\Segment\Cluster\Position
documentation:
The Segment Position of the Cluster in the Segment (0 in live streams). It might help to resynchronise offset on damaged streams.
BlockVirtual Element
type / id:
binary / 0xA2
path:
\Segment\Cluster\BlockGroup\BlockVirtual
documentation:
A Block with no data. It MUST be stored in the stream at the place the real Block would be in display order.
ReferenceVirtual Element
type / id:
integer / 0xFD
path:
\Segment\Cluster\BlockGroup\ReferenceVirtual
documentation:
The Segment Position of the data that would otherwise be in position of the virtual block.
Slices Element
type / id:
master / 0x8E
path:
\Segment\Cluster\BlockGroup\Slices
documentation:
Contains slices description.
TimeSlice Element
type / id:
master / 0xE8
path:
\Segment\Cluster\BlockGroup\Slices\TimeSlice
documentation:
Contains extra time information about the data contained in the Block. Being able to interpret this Element is not REQUIRED for playback.
LaceNumber Element
type / id:
uinteger / 0xCC
path:
\Segment\Cluster\BlockGroup\Slices\TimeSlice\LaceNumber
documentation:
The reverse number of the frame in the lace (0 is the last frame, 1 is the next to last, etc). Being able to interpret this Element is not REQUIRED for playback.
FrameNumber Element
type / id:
uinteger / 0xCD
path:
\Segment\Cluster\BlockGroup\Slices\TimeSlice\FrameNumber
documentation:
The number of the frame to generate from this lace with this delay (allow you to generate many frames from the same Block/Frame).
BlockAdditionID Element
type / id:
uinteger / 0xCB
path:
\Segment\Cluster\BlockGroup\Slices\TimeSlice\BlockAdditionID
documentation:
The ID of the BlockAdditional Element (0 is the main Block).
Delay Element
type / id:
uinteger / 0xCE
path:
\Segment\Cluster\BlockGroup\Slices\TimeSlice\Delay
documentation:
The delay to apply to the Element, expressed in Track Ticks; see Section 11.1.
SliceDuration Element
type / id:
uinteger / 0xCF
path:
\Segment\Cluster\BlockGroup\Slices\TimeSlice\SliceDuration
documentation:
The duration to apply to the Element, expressed in Track Ticks; see Section 11.1.
ReferenceFrame Element
type / id:
master / 0xC8
path:
\Segment\Cluster\BlockGroup\ReferenceFrame
documentation:
Contains information about the last reference frame. See [DivXTrickTrack].
ReferenceOffset Element
type / id:
uinteger / 0xC9
path:
\Segment\Cluster\BlockGroup\ReferenceFrame\ReferenceOffset
documentation:
The relative offset, in bytes, from the previous BlockGroup element for this Smooth FF/RW video track to the containing BlockGroup element. See [DivXTrickTrack].
ReferenceTimestamp Element
type / id:
uinteger / 0xCA
path:
\Segment\Cluster\BlockGroup\ReferenceFrame\ReferenceTimestamp
documentation:
The timestamp of the BlockGroup pointed to by ReferenceOffset, expressed in Track Ticks; see Section 11.1. See [DivXTrickTrack].
EncryptedBlock Element
type / id:
binary / 0xAF
path:
\Segment\Cluster\EncryptedBlock
documentation:
Similar to SimpleBlock, see Section 10.3, but the data inside the Block are Transformed (encrypt and/or signed).
TrackOffset Element
type / id:
integer / 0x537F
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\TrackOffset
documentation:
A value to add to the Block's Timestamp, expressed in Matroska Ticks -- ie in nanoseconds; see Section 11.1. This can be used to adjust the playback offset of a track.
CodecSettings Element
type / id:
utf-8 / 0x3A9697
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\CodecSettings
documentation:
A string describing the encoding setting used.
CodecInfoURL Element
type / id:
string / 0x3B4040
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\CodecInfoURL
documentation:
A URL to find information about the codec used.
CodecDownloadURL Element
type / id:
string / 0x26B240
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\CodecDownloadURL
documentation:
A URL to download about the codec used.
CodecDecodeAll Element
type / id:
uinteger / 0xAA
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\CodecDecodeAll
documentation:
Set to 1 if the codec can decode potentially damaged data.
AspectRatioType Element
type / id:
uinteger / 0x54B3
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\Video\AspectRatioType
documentation:
Specify the possible modifications to the aspect ratio.
GammaValue Element
type / id:
float / 0x2FB523
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\Video\GammaValue
documentation:
Gamma Value.
FrameRate Element
type / id:
float / 0x2383E3
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\Video\FrameRate
documentation:
Number of frames per second. This value is Informational only. It is intended for constant frame rate streams, and SHOULD NOT be used for a variable frame rate TrackEntry.
ChannelPositions Element
type / id:
binary / 0x7D7B
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\Audio\ChannelPositions
documentation:
Table of horizontal angles for each successive channel.
TrickTrackUID Element
type / id:
uinteger / 0xC0
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\TrickTrackUID
documentation:
The TrackUID of the Smooth FF/RW video in the paired EBML structure corresponding to this video track. See [DivXTrickTrack].
TrickTrackSegmentUID Element
type / id:
binary / 0xC1
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\TrickTrackSegmentUID
documentation:
The SegmentUID of the Segment containing the track identified by TrickTrackUID. See [DivXTrickTrack].
TrickTrackFlag Element
type / id:
uinteger / 0xC6
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\TrickTrackFlag
documentation:
Set to 1 if this video track is a Smooth FF/RW track. If set to 1, MasterTrackUID and MasterTrackSegUID should must be present and BlockGroups for this track must contain ReferenceFrame structures. Otherwise, TrickTrackUID and TrickTrackSegUID must be present if this track has a corresponding Smooth FF/RW track. See [DivXTrickTrack].
TrickMasterTrackUID Element
type / id:
uinteger / 0xC7
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\TrickMasterTrackUID
documentation:
The TrackUID of the video track in the paired EBML structure that corresponds to this Smooth FF/RW track. See [DivXTrickTrack].
TrickMasterTrackSegmentUID Element
type / id:
binary / 0xC4
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\TrickMasterTrackSegmentUID
documentation:
The SegmentUID of the Segment containing the track identified by MasterTrackUID. See [DivXTrickTrack].
ContentSignature Element
type / id:
binary / 0x47E3
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\ContentEncodings\ContentEncoding\ContentEncryption\ContentSignature
documentation:
A cryptographic signature of the contents.
ContentSigKeyID Element
type / id:
binary / 0x47E4
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\ContentEncodings\ContentEncoding\ContentEncryption\ContentSigKeyID
documentation:
This is the ID of the private key the data was signed with.
ContentSigAlgo Element
type / id:
uinteger / 0x47E5
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\ContentEncodings\ContentEncoding\ContentEncryption\ContentSigAlgo
documentation:
The algorithm used for the signature.
ContentSigHashAlgo Element
type / id:
uinteger / 0x47E6
path:
\Segment\Tracks\TrackEntry\ContentEncodings\ContentEncoding\ContentEncryption\ContentSigHashAlgo
documentation:
The hash algorithm used for the signature.
CueRefCluster Element
type / id:
uinteger / 0x97
path:
\Segment\Cues\CuePoint\CueTrackPositions\CueReference\CueRefCluster
documentation:
The Segment Position of the Cluster containing the referenced Block.
CueRefNumber Element
type / id:
uinteger / 0x535F
path:
\Segment\Cues\CuePoint\CueTrackPositions\CueReference\CueRefNumber
documentation:
Number of the referenced Block of Track X in the specified Cluster.
CueRefCodecState Element
type / id:
uinteger / 0xEB
path:
\Segment\Cues\CuePoint\CueTrackPositions\CueReference\CueRefCodecState
documentation:
The Segment Position of the Codec State corresponding to this referenced Element. 0 means that the data is taken from the initial Track Entry.
FileReferral Element
type / id:
binary / 0x4675
path:
\Segment\Attachments\AttachedFile\FileReferral
documentation:
A binary value that a track/codec can refer to when the attachment is needed.
FileUsedStartTime Element
type / id:
uinteger / 0x4661
path:
\Segment\Attachments\AttachedFile\FileUsedStartTime
documentation:
The timestamp at which this optimized font attachment comes into context, expressed in Segment Ticks which is based on TimestampScale. See [DivXWorldFonts].
FileUsedEndTime Element
type / id:
uinteger / 0x4662
path:
\Segment\Attachments\AttachedFile\FileUsedEndTime
documentation:
The timestamp at which this optimized font attachment goes out of context, expressed in Segment Ticks which is based on TimestampScale. See [DivXWorldFonts].
TagDefaultBogus Element
type / id:
uinteger / 0x44B4
path:
\Segment\Tags\Tag\+SimpleTag\TagDefaultBogus
documentation:
A variant of the TagDefault element with a bogus Element ID; see Section 5.1.8.1.2.4.
Normative References
[BCP47]

Tags for Identifying Languages
A. Phillips, Ed.
M. Davis, Ed.
September 2009
DOI 10.17487/RFC5646
[BZIP2]

bzip2
Julian Seward
18 July 1996
[Blowfish]

The Blowfish Encryption Algorithm
Bruce Schneier
1993
[CIE-1931]

CIE 1931 Standard Colorimetric System
Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage
1931
[FIPS.197]

Advanced Encryption Standard (AES)
US National Institute of Standards and Technology
26 November 2001
DOI 10.6028/NIST.FIPS.197
[FIPS.46-3]

Data Encryption Standard (DES)
US National Institute of Standards and Technology
25 October 1999
FIPS PUB 46
[IANADomains]

IANA Root Zone Database
[IANALangRegistry]

IANA Language Subtag Registry
28 February 2013
[ISO3166-1]

Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions -- Part 1: Country code
International Organization for Standardization
August 2020
ISO 3166-1:2020
[ISO639-2]

Codes for the Representation of Names of Languages
United States Library Of Congress
21 December 2017
ISO 639-2:1998
[LZO]

Lempel-Ziv-Oberhumer compression
Willy Tarreau
Dave Rodgman
Markus Oberhumer
30 October 2018
[MatroskaCodec]

Media Container Codec Specifications
Steve Lhomme
Moritz Bunkus
Dave Rice
12 April 2021
Internet-Draft draft-ietf-cellar-codec-09
[MatroskaTags]

Matroska Media Container Tag Specifications
Steve Lhomme
Moritz Bunkus
Dave Rice
12 April 2021
Internet-Draft draft-ietf-cellar-tags-09
[SP.800-38A]

Recommendation for Block Cipher Modes of Operation: Methods and Techniques
US National Institute of Standards and Technology
01 December 2001
DOI 10.6028/NIST.SP.800-38A
[SP.800-67]

Recommendation for the Triple Data Encryption Algorithm (TDEA) Block Cipher
US National Institute of Standards and Technology
01 November 2017
DOI 10.6028/10.6028/NIST.SP.800-67r2
[Twofish]

Twofish: A 128-Bit Block Cipher
Bruce Schneier
John Kelsey
Doug Whiting
David Wagner
Chris Hall
Niels Ferguson
15 June 1998
[WebM-Enc]

WebM Encryption
Frank Galligan
Google
19 September 2016
[WebVTT]

WebVTT Cue Identifier
Simon Pieters
Opera Software AS
Silvia Pfeiffer, Ed.
NICTA
Philip Jaegenstedt
Opera Software ASA
Ian Hickson
Google
4 April 2019
Informative References
[AVIFormat]

AVI RIFF File Reference
Microsoft
31 May 2018
[DVD-Video]

DVD-Books: Part 3 DVD-Video Book
DVD Forum
1 November 1995
[DivXTrickTrack]

DivX Trick Track Extensions
14 December 2010
[DivXWorldFonts]

DivX World Fonts Extensions
14 December 2010
[FourCC-RGB]

RGB Pixel Format FourCCs
Silicon.dk ApS
[FourCC-YUV]

YUV Pixel Format FourCCs
Silicon.dk ApS
[MCF]

Media Container Format
17 July 2002
[RFC8794]
[RFC5378]
[RFC8179]
[RFC2119]
[RFC8174]
[RFC4122]
[RFC1950]
[RFC6838]
[RFC3533]
[RFC8081]
[RFC8126]